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Clostridium sulfidogenes sp. nov., a new mesophilic, proteolytic bacterium isolated from a pond sediment, able to reduce thiosulfate and sulfur

Institut für Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie

¹ E-mail: steinbu{at}uni-muenster.de

A new strictly anaerobic, endospore forming, rod shaped Gram-positive bacterium, designated as strain SGB2^T, was isolated from a mixed culture of a pond sediment during screening for sulfate reducing bacteria capable to degrade cyanophycin (CGP). Strain SGB2T occurred as commensal utilizing CGP degradation products produced by others. Cells are motile until sporulation, forming oval, terminal spores swelling the cells. It showed optimum growth at 34 °C, pH 6.6, in absence of NaCl. Strain SGB2^T utilized proteinaceous compounds like peptone, casamino acids, gelatine or trypticase soy, in addition to several amino acids and pyruvate. Utilization of many of these compounds was enhanced in presence of thiosulfate. The isolate was unable to use any of the investigated carbohydrates, alcohols or CGP as carbon and energy sources. Thiosulfate and elemental sulfur were used as terminal electron acceptors. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain SGB2^T belongs to the low G + C Clostridiales group. It exhibited 99 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to its closest relatives Clostridium thiosulfatireducens DSM 13105^T and C. subterminale DSM 6970^T. DNA–DNA hybridization was 39.4 % and 42.1 % with both strains, respectively. Depending on the phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic characteristics, the isolate was designated as a novel species of the genus Clostridium, Clostridium sulfidogenes sp. nov. The type strain is strain SGB2^T (= DSM 18982^T = ATCC BAA-1538^T). In this study, we report on the taxonomical characterisation and assignment of this new mesophilic proteolytic Clostridium isolate and the role which it – as well as its phylogenetic relatives – may play in peptide degradation and in sulfur cycle.