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Published online ahead of print on 19 June 2009 as doi:ijs.0.003483-0
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 2009;59:1764.

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol (2009); DOI 10.1099/ijs.0.003483-0
© 2009 International Union of Microbiological Societies
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Clostridium clariflavum sp. nov. and Clostridium caenicola sp. nov., moderately thermophilic cellulose-/cellobiose-digesting bacteria isolated from methanogenic sludge

Hatsumi Shiratori1,3, Kinuyo Sasaya1, Hitomi Ohiwa1, Hironori Ikeno1, Shohei Ayame2, Naoaki Kataoka2, Akiko Miya2, Teruhiko Beppu1 and Kenji Ueda1

1 Nihon University;
2 Ebara Research Co., Ltd.

3 E-mail: siratori{at}brs.nihon-u.ac.jp

Two novel anaerobic, moderately thermophilic, and cellulose/cellobiose-digesting bacteria, EBR45T and EBR596T, were isolated from anaerobic sludge of a cellulose-degrading methanogenic bioreactor. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that these strains belonged to cluster III of the genus Clostridium. The close relatives of EBR45T were Clostridium straminisolvens (sequence identity, 94·6%) and Clostridium thermocellum (93·4%). The closest relative of EBR596T was Clostridium stercorarium (95·9 %). Both isolates were rod-shaped spore-former growing optimally at 60 °C. EBR45T was Gram reaction-variable and non-motile, formed bright-yellow colonies on solid media, and grew on a relatively-narrow range of carbohydrates including cellulose and cellobiose. EBR596Twas Gram-negative and motile, formed glossy white colonies, and grew on cellobiose and various carbohydrates except cellulose. Major fatty acid compositions were 16:0, 16:0 iso and 16:0 DMA (strain EBR45T), and 15:0 iso, 16:0 iso, 15:0 anteiso and 17:0 anteiso (strain EBR596T). DNA G+C contents were 36·9 (EBR45T) and 51·1 mol % (EBR596T). Based on the phenotypic and phylogenetic data and genomic distinctiveness, EBR46T and EBR596Trepresent two novel species in the genus Clostridum, for which the names Clostridium clariflavum sp. nov. (Type strain EBR45T =DSM 19732T = NBRC 101661Tand Clostridium caenicola sp. nov. (Type strain EBR596T=DSM 19027T = NBRC 102590Tare proposed.






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