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1Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Microbial Ecology, University of Århus, Ny Munkegade, Building 540, 8000 Århus C, Denmark
2DSMZ - Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
3DSMZ - Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, D-07745 Jena, Germany
Author for correspondence: Kjeld Ingvorsen. Tel: +45 8942 3245. Fax: +45 8612 7191. e-mail: Kjeld.Ingvorse{at}biology.aau.dk
ABSTRACT
A Gram-positive, extremely halotolerant bacterium was isolated from the Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA. The strain, designated NNT(= DSM 11805T), was strictly aerobic, rod-shaped, motile by peritrichous flagella and spore-forming. Strain NNTgrew at salinities of 0-20% (w/v) NaCl. A distinctive feature of strain NNTwas its optimal growth in salt-free medium. The polar lipid pattern of strain NNTconsisted of phosphatidyl glycerol, diphosphatidyl glycerol and two phospholipids of unknown structure. The G+C content of its DNA was 38 mol%. The morphological, physiological and, particularly, the 16S rDNA sequence data, showed that strain NNTwas associated with Bacillus group 1. However, the organisms showing the greatest degree of sequence similarity to strain NNTwere members of the genus Halobacillus and the species Marinococcus albus, Virgibacillus pantothenticus, Bacillus salexigens and Bacillus dipsosauri. On the basis of chemotaxonomic data, strain NNTwas shown to be chemically most similar to B. salexigens and B. dipsosauri, with the greatest degree of similarity being shown to the latter organism. This was consistent with the 16S rDNA sequence data. Members of the genus Halobacillus comprise a chemically distinct group and can easily be distinguished from all other organisms of Bacillus group 1. On the basis of the 16S rDNA data, chemotaxonomy and the physiology of strain NNT, it is proposed that this organism is a member of a new species, within a new genus, for which the name Gracilibacillus halotolerans is proposed. It is also proposed that B. dipsosauri be transferred to this genus as Gracilibacillus dipsosauri comb. nov. and that B. salexigens be transferred to the genus Salibacillus gen. nov., as Salibacillus salexigens comb. nov. Finally, additional data is provided to support the transfer of Bacillus pantothenticus to the genus Virgibacillus, as Virgibacillus pantothenticus Heyndrickx et al. (1998).
Key Words: Gracilibacillus halotolerans Gracilibacillus dipsosauri Salibacillus salexigens Virgibacillus pantothenticus taxonomy
The GenBank accession number for the sequence of strain NNT(= DSM 118051) reported in this paper is AF036922.
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