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1Laboratory of Microbiology, Universiteit Gent, Ghent, United Kingdom
2Department of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital UIA, Antwerp, United Kingdom
4Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Sint-Genesius-Rode, United Kingdom
5Department of Microbiology, Academisch Ziekenhuis, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium, United Kingdom
3National Collection of Type Cultures, Central Public Health Laboratory, London NW9 5HT, United Kingdom
6 Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
* Corresponding author. Mailing address:Laboratorium voor Microbiologie, Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. Phone: (32)9.264.51.13. Fax: (32)9.264.50.92. E-mail: Peter.Vandamme{at}rug.ac.be.
ABSTRACT
We performed an integrated genotypic and phenotypic analysis of 128 strains of the genera Burkholderia, Ralstonia, and Pseudomonas in order to study the taxonomic structure of Burkholderia cepacia and its relationships with other Burkholderia species. Our data show that presumed B. cepacia strains isolated from cystic fibrosis patients belong to at least five distinct genomic species, one of which was identified as Burkholderia vietnamiensis. This group of five phenotypically similar species is referred to as the B. cepacia complex. The name Burkholderia multivorans is proposed for one of these genomic species, which was formerly referred to as B. cepacia genomovar II; the remaining B. cepacia groups are referred to as genomovars I, III, and IV, pending additional differential phenotypic tests. The role and pathogenic potential of each of these taxa, particularly in view of the potentially fatal infections in cystic fibrosis patients, need further evaluation. The data presented also demonstrate that Pseudomonas glathei and Pseudomonas pyrrocinia should be reclassified as Burkholderia species.
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K. Vermis, T. Coenye, J. J. LiPuma, E. Mahenthiralingam, H. J. Nelis, and P. Vandamme Proposal to accommodate Burkholderia cepacia genomovar VI as Burkholderia dolosa sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, May 1, 2004; 54(3): 689 - 691. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Plesa, A. Kholti, K. Vermis, P. Vandamme, S. Panagea, C. Winstanley, and P. Cornelis Conservation of the opcL gene encoding the peptidoglycan-associated outer-membrane lipoprotein among representatives of the Burkholderia cepacia complex J. Med. Microbiol., May 1, 2004; 53(5): 389 - 398. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. V. Cunha, J. H. Leitao, E. Mahenthiralingam, P. Vandamme, L. Lito, C. Barreto, M. J. Salgado, and I. Sa-Correia Molecular Analysis of Burkholderia cepacia Complex Isolates from a Portuguese Cystic Fibrosis Center: a 7-Year Study J. Clin. Microbiol., September 1, 2003; 41(9): 4113 - 4120. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. D. Vinion-Dubiel and J. B. Goldberg Review: Lipopolysaccharide of Burkholderia cepacia complex Innate Immunity, August 1, 2003; 9(4): 201 - 213. [Abstract] [PDF]
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C. R. Corbett, M. N. Burtnick, C. Kooi, D. E. Woods, and P. A. Sokol An extracellular zinc metalloprotease gene of Burkholderia cepacia Microbiology, August 1, 2003; 149(8): 2263 - 2271. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. Coenye, J. Goris, P. De Vos, P. Vandamme, and J. J. LiPuma Classification of Ralstonia pickettii-like isolates from the environment and clinical samples as Ralstonia insidiosa sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, July 1, 2003; 53(4): 1075 - 1080. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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V. Ramisse, J. Balandreau, F. Thibault, D. Vidal, G. Vergnaud, and P. Normand DNA-DNA hybridization study of Burkholderia species using genomic DNA macro-array analysis coupled to reverse genome probing Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, May 1, 2003; 53(3): 739 - 746. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Tomich, A. Griffith, C. A. Herfst, J. L. Burns, and C. D. Mohr Attenuated Virulence of a Burkholderia cepacia Type III Secretion Mutant in a Murine Model of Infection Infect. Immun., March 1, 2003; 71(3): 1405 - 1415. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. W. Chung, E. Altman, T. J. Beveridge, and D. P. Speert Colonial Morphology of Burkholderia cepacia Complex Genomovar III: Implications in Exopolysaccharide Production, Pilus Expression, and Persistence in the Mouse Infect. Immun., February 1, 2003; 71(2): 904 - 909. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. Coenye and J. J. LiPuma Population structure analysis of Burkholderia cepacia genomovar III: varying degrees of genetic recombination characterize major clonal complexes Microbiology, January 1, 2003; 149(1): 77 - 88. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. D. Lefebre and M. A. Valvano Construction and Evaluation of Plasmid Vectors Optimized for Constitutive and Regulated Gene Expression in Burkholderia cepacia Complex Isolates Appl. Envir. Microbiol., December 1, 2002; 68(12): 5956 - 5964. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. VERMIS, T. COENYE, E. MAHENTHIRALINGAM, H. J. NELIS, and P. VANDAMME Evaluation of species-specific recA-based PCR tests for genomovar level identification within the Burkholderia cepacia complex J. Med. Microbiol., November 1, 2002; 51(11): 937 - 940. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. P. Speert, M. E. Campbell, D. A. Henry, R. Milner, F. Taha, A. Gravelle, A. G. F. Davidson, L. T. K. Wong, and E. Mahenthiralingam Epidemiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Cystic Fibrosis in British Columbia, Canada Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., October 1, 2002; 166(7): 988 - 993. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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S. C. M. Miller, J. J. LiPuma, and J. L. Parke Culture-Based and Non-Growth-Dependent Detection of the Burkholderia cepacia Complex in Soil Environments Appl. Envir. Microbiol., August 1, 2002; 68(8): 3750 - 3758. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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E. MAHENTHIRALINGAM, A. BALDWIN, and P. VANDAMME Burkholderia cepacia complex infection in patients with cystic fibrosis J. Med. Microbiol., July 1, 2002; 51(7): 533 - 538. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. Coenye, J. Goris, T. Spilker, P. Vandamme, and J. J. LiPuma Characterization of Unusual Bacteria Isolated from Respiratory Secretions of Cystic Fibrosis Patients and Description of Inquilinus limosus gen. nov., sp. nov. J. Clin. Microbiol., June 1, 2002; 40(6): 2062 - 2069. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Brisse, S. Stefani, J. Verhoef, A. Van Belkum, P. Vandamme, and W. Goessens Comparative Evaluation of the BD Phoenix and VITEK 2 Automated Instruments for Identification of Isolates of the Burkholderia cepacia Complex J. Clin. Microbiol., May 1, 2002; 40(5): 1743 - 1748. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. F. Salles, F. A. De Souza, and J. D. van Elsas Molecular Method To Assess the Diversity of Burkholderia Species in Environmental Samples Appl. Envir. Microbiol., April 1, 2002; 68(4): 1595 - 1603. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Tomich, C. A. Herfst, J. W. Golden, and C. D. Mohr Role of Flagella in Host Cell Invasion by Burkholderia cepacia Infect. Immun., April 1, 2002; 70(4): 1799 - 1806. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 J E Moore, B C Millar, J Xu, M Crowe, A O B Redmond, and J S Elborn Misidentification of a genomovar of Burkholderia cepacia by recA restriction fragment length polymorphism J. Clin. Pathol., April 1, 2002; 55(4): 309 - 311. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Bevivino, C. Dalmastri, S. Tabacchioni, L. Chiarini, M. L. Belli, S. Piana, A. Materazzo, P. Vandamme, and G. Manno Burkholderia cepacia Complex Bacteria from Clinical and Environmental Sources in Italy: Genomovar Status and Distribution of Traits Related to Virulence and Transmissibility J. Clin. Microbiol., March 1, 2002; 40(3): 846 - 851. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. V. Cieri, N. Mayer-Hamblett, A. Griffith, and J. L. Burns Correlation between an In Vitro Invasion Assay and a Murine Model of Burkholderia cepacia Lung Infection Infect. Immun., March 1, 2002; 70(3): 1081 - 1086. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. Laffineur, M. Janssens, J. Charlier, V. Avesani, G. Wauters, and M. Delmee Biochemical and Susceptibility Tests Useful for Identification of Nonfermenting Gram-Negative Rods J. Clin. Microbiol., March 1, 2002; 40(3): 1085 - 1087. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. McDowell, E. Mahenthiralingam, J. E. Moore, K. E. A. Dunbar, A. K. Webb, M. E. Dodd, S. L. Martin, B. C. Millar, C. J. Scott, M. Crowe, et al. PCR-Based Detection and Identification of Burkholderiacepacia Complex Pathogens in Sputum from Cystic Fibrosis Patients J. Clin. Microbiol., December 1, 2001; 39(12): 4247 - 4255. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Vaneechoutte, T. De Baere, G. Wauters, S. Steyaert, G. Claeys, D. Vogelaers, and G. Verschraegen One Case Each of Recurrent Meningitis and Hemoperitoneum Infection with Ralstonia mannitolilytica J. Clin. Microbiol., December 1, 2001; 39(12): 4588 - 4590. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. Coenye, P. Vandamme, J. R. W. Govan, and J. J. LiPuma Taxonomy and Identification of the Burkholderia cepacia Complex J. Clin. Microbiol., October 1, 2001; 39(10): 3427 - 3436. [Full Text] [PDF]
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C.-H. Chiu, S. Wong, R. E. W. Hancock, and D. P. Speert Adherence of Burkholderia cepacia to respiratory tract epithelial cells and inhibition with dextrans Microbiology, October 1, 2001; 147(10): 2651 - 2658. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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U. Sajjan, G. Thanassoulis, V. Cherapanov, A. Lu, C. Sjolin, B. Steer, Y. J. Wu, O. D. Rotstein, G. Kent, C. McKerlie, et al. Enhanced Susceptibility to Pulmonary Infection with Burkholderia cepacia in Cftr{-}/{-} Mice Infect. Immun., August 1, 2001; 69(8): 5138 - 5150. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Agodi, E. Mahenthiralingam, M. Barchitta, V. Giannino, A. Sciacca, and S. Stefani Burkholderia cepacia Complex Infection in Italian Patients with Cystic Fibrosis: Prevalence, Epidemiology, and Genomovar Status J. Clin. Microbiol., August 1, 2001; 39(8): 2891 - 2896. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. WINSTANLEY, M. G. DETSIKA, K. J. GLENDINNING, Y. N. PARSONS, and C. A. HART Flagellin gene PCR-RFLP analysis of a panel of strains from the Burkholderia cepacia complex J. Med. Microbiol., August 1, 2001; 50(8): 728 - 731. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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E. Lutter, S. Lewenza, J. J. Dennis, M. B. Visser, and P. A. Sokol Distribution of Quorum-Sensing Genes in the Burkholderia cepacia Complex Infect. Immun., July 1, 2001; 69(7): 4661 - 4666. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C-H. CHIU, A. OSTRY, and D.P. SPEERT Invasion of murine respiratory epithelial cells in vivo by Burkholderia cepacia J. Med. Microbiol., July 1, 2001; 50(7): 594 - 601. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. Estrada-De Los Santos, R. Bustillos-Cristales, and J. Caballero-Mellado Burkholderia, a Genus Rich in Plant-Associated Nitrogen Fixers with Wide Environmental and Geographic Distribution Appl. Envir. Microbiol., June 1, 2001; 67(6): 2790 - 2798. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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U. SAJJAN, M. COREY, A. HUMAR, E. TULLIS, E. CUTZ, C. ACKERLEY, and J. FORSTNER Immunolocalisation of Burkholderia cepacia in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients J. Med. Microbiol., June 1, 2001; 50(6): 535 - 546. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 J. W. Smalley, P. Charalabous, A. J. Birss, and C. A. Hart Detection of Heme-Binding Proteins in Epidemic Strains of Burkholderia cepacia Clin. Vaccine Immunol., May 1, 2001; 8(3): 509 - 514. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. I. Daneshvar, D. G. Hollis, A. G. Steigerwalt, A. M. Whitney, L. Spangler, M. P. Douglas, J. G. Jordan, J. P. MacGregor, B. C. Hill, F. C. Tenover, et al. Assignment of CDC Weak Oxidizer Group 2 (WO-2) to the Genus Pandoraea and Characterization of Three New Pandoraea Genomospecies J. Clin. Microbiol., May 1, 2001; 39(5): 1819 - 1826. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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C. A. Lowe, A. H. Asghar, G. Shalom, J. G. Shaw, and M. S. Thomas The Burkholderia cepacia fur gene: co-localization with omlA and absence of regulation by iron Microbiology, May 1, 2001; 147(5): 1303 - 1314. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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S. Lewenza and P. A. Sokol Regulation of Ornibactin Biosynthesis and N-Acyl-L-Homoserine Lactone Production by CepR in Burkholderia cepacia J. Bacteriol., April 1, 2001; 183(7): 2212 - 2218. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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E. Berriatua, I. Ziluaga, C. Miguel-Virto, P. Uribarren, R. Juste, S. Laevens, P. Vandamme, and J. R. W. Govan Outbreak of Subclinical Mastitis in a Flock of Dairy Sheep Associated with Burkholderia cepacia Complex Infection J. Clin. Microbiol., March 1, 2001; 39(3): 990 - 994. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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D. A. Henry, E. Mahenthiralingam, P. Vandamme, T. Coenye, and D. P. Speert Phenotypic Methods for Determining Genomovar Status of the Burkholderia cepacia Complex J. Clin. Microbiol., March 1, 2001; 39(3): 1073 - 1078. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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C. WINSTANLEY, A. SHINA, S. DAWSON, R.M. GASKELL, and C.A. HART Variation in Bordetella bronchiseptica flaA does not correlate with typing by macro-restriction analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis J. Med. Microbiol., March 1, 2001; 50(3): 255 - 260. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. Balandreau, V. Viallard, B. Cournoyer, T. Coenye, S. Laevens, and P. Vandamme Burkholderia cepacia Genomovar III Is a Common Plant-Associated Bacterium Appl. Envir. Microbiol., February 1, 2001; 67(2): 982 - 985. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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A.M. Jones, M.E. Dodd, and A.K. Webb Burkholderia cepacia: current clinical issues, environmental controversies and ethical dilemmas Eur. Respir. J., February 1, 2001; 17(2): 295 - 301. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. L. Reckseidler, D. DeShazer, P. A. Sokol, and D. E. Woods Detection of Bacterial Virulence Genes by Subtractive Hybridization: Identification of Capsular Polysaccharide of Burkholderia pseudomallei as a Major Virulence Determinant Infect. Immun., January 1, 2001; 69(1): 34 - 44. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. D. Lefebre and M. A. Valvano In vitro resistance of Burkholderia cepacia complex isolates to reactive oxygen species in relation to catalase and superoxide dismutase production Microbiology, January 1, 2001; 147(1): 97 - 109. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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C. CHAPARRO, J. MAURER, C. GUTIERREZ, M. KRAJDEN, C. CHAN, T. WINTON, S. KESHAVJEE, M. SCAVUZZO, E. TULLIS, M. HUTCHEON, et al. Infection with Burkholderia cepacia in Cystic Fibrosis . Outcome Following Lung Transplantation Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., January 1, 2001; 163(1): 43 - 48. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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U. SAJJAN, Y. WU, G. KENT, and J. FORSTNER Preferential adherence of cable-piliated Burkholderia cepacia to respiratory epithelia of CF knockout mice and human cystic fibrosis lung explants J. Med. Microbiol., October 1, 2000; 49(10): 875 - 885. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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E. Mahenthiralingam, J. Bischof, S. K. Byrne, C. Radomski, J. E. Davies, Y. Av-Gay, and P. Vandamme DNA-Based Diagnostic Approaches for Identification of Burkholderia cepacia Complex, Burkholderia vietnamiensis, Burkholderia multivorans, Burkholderia stabilis, and Burkholderia cepacia Genomovars I and III J. Clin. Microbiol., September 1, 2000; 38(9): 3165 - 3173. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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P. W. Whitby, K. B. Carter, K. L. Hatter, J. J. LiPuma, and T. L. Stull Identification of Members of the Burkholderia cepacia Complex by Species-Specific PCR J. Clin. Microbiol., August 1, 2000; 38(8): 2962 - 2965. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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