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Correspondence
B. J. Tindall
bti{at}dsmz.de
ABSTRACT
The Judicial Commission of the International Committee for Systematics of Prokaryotes rules that the following names should have been included on the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names, Moraxella (subgen. Branhamella Bøvre 1979), Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella Lwoff 1939), Moraxella (subgen. Branhamella Bøvre 1979) catarrhalis, Moraxella (subgen. Branhamella Bøvre 1979) caviae, Moraxella (subgen. Branhamella Bøvre 1979) ovis, Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella Lwoff 1939) atlantae, Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella Lwoff 1939) bovis, Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella Lwoff 1939) lacunata, Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella Lwoff 1939) nonliquefaciens, Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella Lwoff 1939) osloensis, Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella Lwoff 1939) phenylpyruvica. Proposals to alter Rule 34a were rejected.
At the meeting of the Judicial Commission in 2005, at the IUMS Congress in San Francisco, USA, the Judicial Commission of the International Committee for Systematics of Prokaryotes ruled that the following names should have been included on the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names, Moraxella (subgen. Branhamella), Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella), Moraxella (subgen. Branhamella Bøvre 1979) catarrhalis, Moraxella (subgen. Branhamella Bøvre 1979) caviae, Moraxella (subgen. Branhamella Bøvre 1979) ovis, Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella Lwoff 1939) atlantae, Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella Lwoff 1939) bovis, Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella Lwoff 1939) lacunata, Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella Lwoff 1939) nonliquefaciens, Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella Lwoff 1939) osloensis, Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella Lwoff 1939) phenylpyruvica.
Taking the arguments of Euzéby (2001)
into consideration, it was decided that subgenus names within the genus Moraxella and the appropriate species names within those subgenera, published by Bøvre in 1979 in the International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology (IJSB; Bøvre, 1979) qualify for inclusion in the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names as defined by Note 1 of Rule 24a of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria (the Code; Lapage et al., 1975, 1992). Some confusion has arisen because these names were included in the index of Moore et al. (1985), giving the impression that these names were validly published in an original article in the IJSB, pre-dating 1 January 1980, but were not listed on the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names, and should, therefore have lost status under the 1975 and subsequent revisions of the Code. Bøvre (1984a) also treated these names as having been validly published in 1979, although a requirement of the 1975 revision of the Code (Lapage et al., 1975) was that valid publication of such names on or after 1 January 1980 would either require inclusion on the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names (Skerman et al., 1980) or subsequent valid publication in the IJSB [now the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (IJSEM)]. Euzéby's proposal (Euzéby, 2001) to use the date of the index of Moore et al. (1985) as the date of valid publication of these subgenus and species names (i.e. revival of these names) is questionable, because there is no evidence that this index can serve as a means for the valid publication of names. The index appears to list only names already considered to have been validly published. Furthermore, the inclusion of the subgenus names alone on Validation List 15 (Bovre, 1984b) did not include the appropriate species names within the subgenera, as listed by Bøvre (1979).
The wording of Note 1, Rule 24a (Lapage et al., 1992) indicates that names validly published between 1 January 1978 and 1 January 1980 were included in the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. If the publication of Bøvre (1979) is to serve as the source of names, then there would appear to be no obstacle to concluding that for some reason they were inadvertently omitted from the Approved Lists, in which, according to Note 1 of Rule 24a, they should have been included. The Judicial Commission therefore concludes that the following names meet the requirements of the 1975 revision of the Bacteriological Code (Lapage et al., 1975; 1992) and are to be treated as having been included on the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names (Skerman et al., 1980, 1989):
Moraxella (subgen. Branhamella) Bøvre 1979Bøvre, K. 1979. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 29:403–406. Type species: Moraxella (subgen. Branhamella Bøvre 1979) catarrhalis (Frosch and Kolle 1896) Bøvre 1979 Approved Lists
Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella) Bøvre 1979Bøvre, K. 1979. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 29:403–406. Type species: Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella Lwoff 1939) lacunata (Eyre 1900) Bøvre 1979 Approved Lists
Moraxella (subgen. Branhamella Bøvre 1979) catarrhalis (Frosch and Kolle 1896) Bøvre 1979 Bøvre, K. 1979. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 29:403–406. Type strain: strain Ne 11=NCTC 11020=ATCC 25238
Moraxella (subgen. Branhamella Bøvre 1979) caviae (Pelczar 1953) Bøvre 1979 Bøvre, K. 1979. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 29:403–406. Type strain: strain GP 11=NCTC 10293=ATCC 14659
Moraxella (subgen. Branhamella Bøvre 1979) ovis (Lindqvist 1960) Bøvre 1979Bøvre, K. 1979. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 29:403–406. Type strain: strain 199/55=NCTC 11227=ATCC 33078
Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella Lwoff 1939) atlantae (Bøvre et al. 1976) Bøvre 1979Bøvre, K. 1979. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 29:403–406. Type strain: strain 5118=NCTC 11091=ATCC 29525
Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella Lwoff 1939) bovis (Hauduroy et al. 1937) Bøvre 1979 Bøvre, K. 1979. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 29:403–406. Type strain: strain NCTC 11013=ATCC 10900
Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella Lwoff 1939) lacunata (Eyre 1900) Bøvre 1979Bøvre, K. 1979. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 29:403–406. Type strain: strain Morax 260=NCTC 11011=ATCC 17967
Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella Lwoff 1939) nonliquefaciens (Scarlett 1916) Bøvre 1979 Bøvre, K. 1979. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 29:403–406. Type strain: strain 4663/62=NCTC 10464=ATCC 19975
Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella Lwoff 1939) osloensis (Bøvre and Henriksen 1967) Bøvre 1979 Bøvre, K. 1979. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 29:403–406. Type strain: strain A1920=NCTC 10465=ATCC 19976
Moraxella (subgen. Moraxella Lwoff 1939) phenylpyruvica (Bøvre and Henriksen 1967) Bøvre 1979Bøvre, K. 1979. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 29:403–406. Type strain: strain 2863=NCTC 10526=ATCC 23333
In ruling that these names are to be considered to be validly published, the Judicial Commission wishes to emphasize the fact that although this adds two subgenus names to the Approved Lists, it does not imply that the Commission endorses the use of subgenus names at the present time. On the contrary, the Judicial Commission emphasizes the fact that taxonomists should be actively discouraged from using this rank at the present.
In considering the request to make alterations to the wording of Rule 34a, the Judicial Commission decided that there was no need to make reference to the rank of subgenus.
Opinion compiled on behalf of the Judicial Commission by B. J. Tindall.
REFERENCES
Bøvre, K. (1979). Proposal to divide the genus Moraxella Lwoff 1939 emend. Henriksen and Bøvre 1968 into two subgenera, subgenus Moraxella (Lwoff 1939) Bøvre 1979 and subgenus Branhamella (Catlin 1970) Bøvre 1979. Int J Syst Bacteriol 29, 403–406.
Bøvre, K. (1984a). Genus II. Moraxella Lwoff 1939, 173 emend. Henriksen and Bøvre 1968, 391AL. In Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, vol 1, pp. 296–303. Edited by N. R. Kreig & J. G. Holt. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins.
Bøvre, K. (1984b). Subgenus Moraxella (Lwoff 1939) Bøvre 1979 and subgenus Branhamella (Catlin 1970) Bøvre 1979. In Validation of the Publication of New Names and New Combinations Previously Effectively Published Outside the IJSB, List no. 15. Int J Syst Bacteriol 34, 355–357.
Euzéby, J. P. (2001). Nomenclature of the subgenera Moraxella and Branhamella and of the nine species included in these subgenera and proposal to modify Rule 34a of the Bacteriological Code (1990 Revision). Request for an Opinion. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51, 1939–1941.[Abstract]
Lapage, S. P., Sneath, P. H. A., Lessel, E. F., Skerman, V. B. D., Seeliger, H. P. R. & Clark, W. A. (editors) (1975). International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria (1975 Revision). Bacteriological Code. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology.
Lapage, S. P., Sneath, P. H. A., Lessel, E. F., Skerman, V. B. D., Seeliger, H. P. R. & Clark, W. A. (editors) (1992). International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria (1990 Revision). Bacteriological Code. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology.
Moore, W. E. C., Cato, E. P. & Moore, L. V. H. (1985). Index of the bacterial and yeast nomenclatural changes published in the International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology since the 1980 Approved Lists of Bacterial Names (1 January 1980 to 1 January 1985). Int J Syst Bacteriol 35, 382–407.
Skerman, V. B. D., McGowan, V. & Sneath, P. H. A. (1980). Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 30, 225–420.
Skerman, V. B. D., McGowan, V. & Sneath, P. H. A. (editors) (1989). Approved Lists of Bacterial Names (Amended Edition). Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology.
This article has been cited by other articles:
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  B. J. Tindall Challenging Opinion 83 Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, July 1, 2008; 58(7): 1772 - 1774. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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B. J. Tindall Clarifying Rule 24a of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, July 1, 2008; 58(7): 1779 - 1781. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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