| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
1 Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), PO Box 115, Yusong, Taejon, Korea
2 The Center for Traditional Microorganism Resources, Keimyung University, Shindang-Dong, Dalseo-gu, Daegu, Korea
Correspondence
Jung-Hoon Yoon
jhyoon{at}kribb.re.kr
 |
ABSTRACT |
|---|
 TOP ABSTRACT MAIN TEXTREFERENCES |
|---|
9c as the major fatty acid. The DNA G+C contents of strains SW-210T and SW-242T were 43·2 and 45·3 mol%, respectively. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains SW-210T and SW-242T were 98·9 % similar, and the mean DNA–DNA relatedness value between them was 24 %. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains SW-210T and SW-242T form distinct phylogenetic lineages within the radiation of the cluster comprising Psychrobacter species, having 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity levels of 95·9–99·2 % with respect to the type strains of Psychrobacter species. The levels of DNA–DNA relatedness between the two isolates and the type strains of 15 phylogenetically related Psychrobacter species were well below 70 %. On the basis of phenotypic and phylogenetic data and genomic distinctiveness, strains SW-210T and SW-242T were classified in the genus Psychrobacter as representing two distinct novel species, for which the names Psychrobacter aquimaris sp. nov. (type strain, SW-210T=KCTC 12254T=DSM 16329T) and Psychrobacter namhaensis sp. nov. (type strain, SW-242T=KCTC 12255T=DSM 16330T) are proposed, respectively.
The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains SW-210T and SW-242T are AY722804 and AY722805, respectively.
|
MAIN TEXT |
|---|
|
TOPABSTRACTMAIN TEXTREFERENCES |
|---|
, and, at the time of writing, the genus comprises at least 18 species with validly published names: Psychrobacter immobilis (Juni & Heym, 1986), Psychrobacter frigidicola, Psychrobacter urativorans and Psychrobacter phenylpyruvicus (Bowman et al., 1996), Psychrobacter glacincola (Bowman et al., 1997), Psychrobacter pacificensis (Maruyama et al., 2000), Psychrobacter proteolyticus (Denner et al., 2001), Psychrobacter submarinus and Psychrobacter marincola (Romanenko et al., 2002), Psychrobacter faecalis (Kämpfer et al., 2002), Psychrobacter pulmonis (Vela et al., 2003), Psychrobacter jeotgali (Yoon et al., 2003), Psychrobacter luti and Psychrobacter fozii (Bozal et al., 2003), Psychrobacter okhotskensis (Yumoto et al., 2003), Psychrobacter maritimus and Psychrobacter arenosus (Romanenko et al., 2004) and Psychrobacter alimentarius (Yoon et al., 2005). In this study, we report on the detailed taxonomic characterization of two Psychrobacter-like bacterial strains, SW-210T and SW-242T, which were isolated from sea water of the South Sea in Korea.
Sea water collected from the South Sea in Korea was used as source for the isolation of bacterial strains. Strains SW-210T and SW-242T were isolated by using the usual dilution plating technique on marine agar 2216 (MA; Difco) at 30 °C. The type strains of 15 Psychrobacter species were used as reference strains for DNA–DNA hybridization. P. faecalis DSM 14664T, P. frigidicola DSM 12411T, P. glacincola DSM 12194T, P. immobilis DSM 7229T, P. marincola DSM 14160T, P. proteolyticus DSM 13887T, P. submarinus DSM 14161T and P. urativorans DSM 14009T were obtained from the Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, Braunschweig, Germany. P. okhotskensis JCM 11840T was obtained from the Japan Collection of Microorganisms, Saitama, Japan. P. fozii CECT 5889T, P. luti CECT 5885T and P. pulmonis CECT 5989T were obtained from the Colección Española de Cultivos Tipo, Valencia, Spain. P. jeotgali KCCM 41559T and P. alimentarius JG-100T were obtained and described in the studies of Yoon et al. (2003, 2005). P. maritimus KMM 3646T was obtained from Dr O. I. Nedashkovskaya and Dr L. A. Romanenko, Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Vladivostok, Russia. Cell morphology was examined by light microscopy (E600 microscope; Nikon) and transmission electron microscopy (CM-20 apparatus; Philips). Transmission electron microscopy was also used to determine if flagella were present in cells from exponentially growing cultures. The Gram reaction was determined by using the bioMérieux Gram stain kit according to the manufacturer's instructions. The pH range for growth was determined in marine broth 2216 (MB; Difco) that was adjusted to various pH values (pH 4·5–9·5 at intervals of 0·5 pH units). Growth in the absence of NaCl was investigated in trypticase/soy broth (Difco) lacking NaCl. Growth at various NaCl concentrations was investigated in MB or trypticase/soy broth. Growth at various temperatures (4–45 °C) was measured on MA. Growth under anaerobic conditions was determined after incubation in an anaerobic chamber on MA and on MA supplemented with nitrate, both of which had been prepared anaerobically using nitrogen. Catalase and oxidase activities and hydrolysis of casein, starch and Tweens 20, 40, 60 and 80 were determined as described by Cowan & Steel (1965). Hydrolysis of aesculin and nitrate reduction were determined as described previously (Lanyi, 1987). Hydrolysis of gelatin and urea was determined as described by Lanyi (1987), with the modification that artificial sea water was used instead of distilled water. The artificial sea water contained (per litre of distilled water) 23·6 g NaCl, 0·64 g KCl, 4·53 g MgCl2.6H2O, 5·94 g MgSO4.7H2O and 1·3 g CaCl2.2H2O (Bruns et al., 2001). Hydrolysis of hypoxanthine, tyrosine and xanthine was investigated on MA with the substrate concentrations described previously (Cowan & Steel, 1965). H2S production was tested as described previously (Bruns et al., 2001). Acid production from carbohydrates was determined as described by Leifson (1963). Enzyme activity was determined by using the API ZYM system (bioMérieux). Utilization of substrates as sole carbon and energy sources was tested according to the method of Baumann & Baumann (1981) using supplementation with 2 % (v/v) Hutner's mineral base (Cohen-Bazire et al., 1957) and 1 % (v/v) vitamin solution (Staley, 1968). Requirements for yeast extract and vitamins for growth were investigated in liquid medium (Yurkov et al., 1994), omitting yeast extract and vitamin B12 but supplementing with 0·1 % (w/v) acetate as the sole carbon and energy source. Yeast extract and vitamins were added to the medium at the following concentrations (l–1): yeast extract, 0·005 g; p-aminobenzoic acid, 1 mg; biotin, 10 µg; thiamine hydrochloride, 1 mg; and vitamin B12, 1 mg. Susceptibility to antibiotics was detected on MA plates using antibiotic discs with the following concentrations: polymyxin B, 100 U; streptomycin, 50 µg; penicillin G, 20 U; chloramphenicol, 100 µg; ampicillin, 10 µg; cephalothin, 30 µg; gentamicin, 30 µg; novobiocin, 5 µg; erythromycin, 15 µg; and tetracycline, 30 µg. Other physiological tests were performed with the API 20E system (bioMérieux).
Cell biomass for respiratory lipoquinone analysis and for DNA extraction was obtained from cultivation in MB at 30 °C. Respiratory lipoquinones were analysed as described by Komagata & Suzuki (1987), using reversed-phase HPLC. Chromosomal DNA was isolated and purified according to the method described previously (Yoon et al., 1996), with the exception that ribonuclease T1 was used together with ribonuclease A to minimize the contamination of RNA. For fatty acid methyl ester analysis, cell mass of strains SW-210T and SW-242T was harvested from agar plates after incubation for 3 days at 30 °C on MA. The fatty acid methyl esters were extracted and prepared according to the standard protocol of the MIDI/Hewlett Packard Microbial Identification System (Sasser, 1990). The DNA G+C content was determined by the method of Tamaoka & Komagata (1984), with the modification that DNA was hydrolysed and the resultant nucleotides were analysed by reversed-phase HPLC. 16S rRNA genes were amplified by the PCR method, using two universal primers as described previously (Yoon et al., 1998). Sequencing of the amplified 16S rRNA genes and phylogenetic analysis were performed as described by Yoon et al. (2003). DNA–DNA hybridization was performed fluorometrically according to the method of Ezaki et al. (1989), using photobiotin-labelled DNA probes and microdilution wells. Hybridization was performed with five replications for each sample. The highest and lowest values obtained in each sample were excluded and the remaining three values were used to calculate similarity values. The DNA relatedness values quoted are the means of the three values.
Cells of strains SW-210T and SW-242T were cocci or short rods on MA. Strains SW-210T and SW-242T did not require yeast extract or vitamins for growth in minimal salts medium (Yurkov et al., 1994). However, both strains grew better when yeast extract was added to the medium. Benzoate was utilized by strain SW-242T but not by strain SW-210T. Strain SW-210T was sensitive to penicillin G but strain SW-242T was not. Other morphological, cultural, physiological and biochemical characteristics of strains SW-210T and SW-242T are given in the species description (see below) and are shown in Table 1 together with those of some Psychrobacter species. The predominant respiratory lipoquinone found in strains SW-210T and SW-242T was Q-8, at a peak area ratio of approximately 84–86 %. The major components of the fatty acids detected in strains SW-210T and SW-242T were C18 : 19c and C17 : 18c (Table 2). These fatty acid profiles were similar to those determined previously for other Psychrobacter species, although there were differences in the proportions of some fatty acids, perhaps because of differences in cultivation conditions, e.g. cultivation media (Maruyama et al., 2000; Romanenko et al., 2002, 2004; Bozal et al., 2003; Yumoto et al., 2003; Yoon et al., 2005). The DNA G+C contents of strains SW-210T and SW-242T were 43·2 and 45·3 mol%, respectively.
|
|
). Strains SW-210T and SW-242T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity levels of 96·0–99·2 % and 95·9–98·9 %, respectively, with respect to the type strains of Psychrobacter species with validly published names. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of the two isolates with respect to other species included in the phylogenetic analysis were below 92·5 % (Fig. 1). DNA–DNA hybridization was performed to determine the level of genetic relatedness between strain SW-210T and strain SW-242T and also those between each of the two strains and the type strains of some Psychrobacter species that exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values above 97 % with respect to the two novel isolates. Strains SW-210T and SW-242T exhibited a mean level of DNA–DNA relatedness of 24 % when their DNAs were used individually as labelled DNA probes for cross-hybridization. Levels of DNA–DNA relatedness between two strains and the type strains of 15 Psychrobacter species were in the range 6–35 %.
|
). The thermal tolerance and chemotaxonomic data (the predominant respiratory lipoquinone, the cellular fatty acid profile and the DNA G+C content) for strains SW-210T and SW-242T are similar to those for Psychrobacter species (Bøvre, 1984; Kodjo et al., 1995, 1997; Bowman et al., 1997; Maruyama et al., 2000; Yoon et al., 2003; Bozal et al., 2003; Yumoto et al., 2003). Strains SW-210T and SW-242T are similar to each other in terms of most phenotypic characteristics (Table 1). However, the two strains differ from each other phylogenetically and genetically. Strains SW-210T and SW-242T are distinguishable from phylogenetically related Psychrobacter species by differences in physiological and biochemical characteristics (Table 1). The level of DNA relatedness, together with differential phenotypic properties and 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity data, justifies the taxonomic discrimination of strains SW-210T and SW-242T from all Psychrobacter species (Wayne et al., 1987; Stackebrandt & Goebel, 1994). Therefore, on the basis of the data presented, strains SW-210T and SW-242T should be placed in the genus Psychrobacter as representing two distinct novel species, for which the names Psychrobacter aquimaris sp. nov. and Psychrobacter namhaensis sp. nov., respectively, are proposed.
Description of Psychrobacter aquimaris sp. nov.
Psychrobacter aquimaris (a.qui.ma'ris. L. n. aqua water; L. gen. n. maris of the sea; N.L. gen. n. aquimaris of the water of the sea).
Cells are cocci or short rods (1·0–1·2x1·4–2·5 µm). On MA, colonies are smooth, glistening, raised, circular to slightly irregular, cream in colour and 1·5–2·5 mm in diameter after incubation for 3 days at 30 °C. Growth occurs at 4 and 34 °C but not at 35 °C. Optimal pH for growth is 6·5–7·5; growth occurs at pH 5·0 but not at 4·5. Growth occurs in the presence of 0–12 % (w/v) NaCl, with an optimum of 2–3 % (w/v). Yeast extract, biotin, p-aminobenzoic acid, thiamine hydrochloride and vitamin B12 are not required for growth. Tyrosine is hydrolysed, but hypoxanthine is not. Indole and H2S are not produced. In assays with the API ZYM system, lipase (C8) and leucine arylamidase are present, but trypsin, 
-chymotrypsin, -galactosidase, 
-galactosidase, -glucuronidase, -glucosidase, -glucosidase, N-acetyl--glucosaminidase, -mannosidase and -fucosidase are absent. L-Arabinose, D-cellobiose, D-fructose, D-galactose, lactose, maltose, D-mannose, sucrose, D-trehalose, D-xylose, benzoate, formate and L-glutamate are not utilized. Acid is produced from D-cellobiose, D-mannose, melibiose and D-ribose. Acid is not produced from D-melezitose, D-raffinose, sucrose, D-trehalose, adonitol, myo-inositol or D-sorbitol. Sensitive to cephalothin (30 µg), chloramphenicol (100 µg) and penicillin G (20 U) but not to novobiocin (5 µg). The predominant respiratory lipoquinone is Q-8. The major fatty acid is C18 : 19c. The DNA G+C content is 43·2 mol% (HPLC). Other characteristics are shown in Table 1.
The type strain, SW-210T (=KCTC 12254T=DSM 16329T), was isolated from sea water of the South Sea in Korea.
Description of Psychrobacter namhaensis sp. nov.
Psychrobacter namhaensis (nam.ha.en'sis. N.L. masc. adj. namhaensis of Namhae, the Korean name for the South Sea in Korea, where the organism was isolated).
Cells are cocci or short rods (1·0–1·2x1·4–2·5 µm). On MA, colonies are smooth, glistening, raised, circular to slightly irregular, cream in colour and 1·5–2·5 mm in diameter after incubation for 3 days at 30 °C. Growth occurs at 4 and 37 °C but not at 38 °C. Optimal pH for growth is 6·5–7·5; growth occurs at pH 5·0 but not at pH 4·5. Growth occurs in the presence of 0–13 % (w/v) NaCl, with an optimum of 2–3 % (w/v). Yeast extract, biotin, p-aminobenzoic acid, thiamine hydrochloride and vitamin B12 are not required for growth. Tyrosine is hydrolysed, but hypoxanthine is not. Indole and H2S are not produced. In assays with the API ZYM system, lipase (C8) and leucine arylamidase are present, but trypsin, -chymotrypsin, -galactosidase, -galactosidase, -glucuronidase, -glucosidase, -glucosidase, N-acetyl--glucosaminidase, -mannosidase and -fucosidase are absent. Benzoate is utilized. L-Arabinose, D-cellobiose, D-fructose, D-galactose, lactose, maltose, D-mannose, sucrose, D-trehalose, D-xylose, formate and L-glutamate are not utilized. Acid is produced from D-cellobiose, D-mannose, melibiose and D-ribose. Acid is not produced from D-melezitose, D-raffinose, sucrose, D-trehalose, adonitol, myo-inositol or D-sorbitol. Sensitive to cephalothin (30 µg) and chloramphenicol (100 µg) but not to novobiocin (5 µg) or penicillin G (20 U). The predominant respiratory lipoquinone is Q-8. The major fatty acid is C18 : 19c. The DNA G+C content is 45·3 mol% (HPLC). Other characteristics are shown in Table 1.
The type strain, SW-242T (=KCTC 12255T=DSM 16330T), was isolated from sea water of the South Sea in Korea.
|
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS |
|---|
|
REFERENCES |
|---|
|
TOPABSTRACTMAIN TEXTREFERENCES |
|---|
Bøvre, K. (1984). Genus II. Moraxella Lwoff 1939, 173 emend. Henriksen and Bøvre 1968, 391AL. In Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, vol. 1, pp. 296–303. Edited by N. R. Krieg & J. G. Holt. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.
Bowman, J. P., Cavanagh, J., Austin, J. J. & Sanderson, K. (1996). Novel Psychrobacter species from Antarctic ornithogenic soils. Int J Syst Bacteriol 46, 841–848.
Bowman, J. P., Nichols, D. S. & McMeekin, T. A. (1997). Psychrobacter glacincola sp. nov., a halotolerant, psychrophilic bacterium isolated from Antarctic sea ice. Syst Appl Microbiol 20, 209–215.
Bozal, N., Montes, J., Tudela, E. & Guinea, J. (2003). Characterization of several Psychrobacter strains isolated from Antarctic environments and description of Psychrobacter luti sp. nov. and Psychrobacter fozii sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53, 1093–1100.
Bruns, A., Rohde, M. & Berthe-Corti, L. (2001). Muricauda ruestringensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a facultatively anaerobic, appendaged bacterium from German North Sea intertidal sediment. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51, 1997–2006.[Abstract]
Cohen-Bazire, G., Sistrom, W. R. & Stanier, R. Y. (1957). Kinetic studies of pigment synthesis by nonsulfur purple bacteria. J Cell Comp Physiol 49, 25–68.
Cowan, S. T. & Steel, K. J. (1965). Manual for the Identification of Medical Bacteria. London: Cambridge University Press.
Denner, E. B. M., Mark, B., Busse, H.-J., Turkiewicz, M. & Lubitz, W. (2001). Psychrobacter proteolyticus sp. nov., a psychrotrophic, halotolerant bacterium isolated from the Antarctic krill Euphausia superba Dana, excreting a cold-adapted metalloprotease. Syst Appl Microbiol 24, 44–53.[CrossRef][Medline]
Ezaki, T., Hashimoto, Y. & Yabuuchi, E. (1989). Fluorometric deoxyribonucleic acid-deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization in microdilution wells as an alternative to membrane filter hybridization in which radioisotopes are used to determine genetic relatedness among bacterial strains. Int J Syst Bacteriol 39, 224–229.
Juni, E. & Heym, G. A. (1986). Psychrobacter immobilis gen. nov., sp. nov.: genospecies composed of gram-negative, aerobic, oxidase-positive coccobacilli. Int J Syst Bacteriol 36, 388–391.
Kämpfer, P., Albrecht, A., Buczolits, S. & Busse, H.-J. (2002). Psychrobacter faecalis sp. nov., a new species from a bioaerosol originating from pigeon faeces. Syst Appl Microbiol 25, 31–36.[CrossRef][Medline]
Kodjo, A., Tønjum, T., Richard, Y. & Bøvre, K. (1995). Moraxella caprae sp. nov., a new member of the classical moraxellae with very close affinity to Moraxella bovis. Int J Syst Bacteriol 45, 467–471.
Kodjo, A., Richard, Y. & Tønjum, T. (1997). Moraxella boevrei sp. nov., a new Moraxella species found in goats. Int J Syst Bacteriol 47, 115–121.
Komagata, K. & Suzuki, K. (1987). Lipids and cell-wall analysis in bacterial systematics. Methods Microbiol 19, 161–203.
Lanyi, B. (1987). Classical and rapid identification methods for medically important bacteria. Methods Microbiol 19, 1–67.
Leifson, E. (1963). Determination of carbohydrate metabolism of marine bacteria. J Bacteriol 85, 1183–1184.
Maruyama, A., Honda, D., Yamamoto, H., Kitamura, K. & Higashihara, T. (2000). Phylogenetic analysis of psychrophilic bacteria isolated from the Japan Trench, including a description of the deep-sea species Psychrobacter pacificensis sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50, 835–846.[Abstract]
Romanenko, L. A., Schumann, P., Rohde, M., Lysenko, A. M., Mikhailov, V. V. & Stackebrandt, E. (2002). Psychrobacter submarinus sp. nov. and Psychrobacter marincola sp. nov., psychrophilic halophiles from marine environments. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52, 1291–1297.[Abstract]
Romanenko, L. A., Lysenko, A. M., Rohde, M., Mikhailov, V. V. & Stackebrandt, E. (2004). Psychrobacter maritimus sp. nov. and Psychrobacter arenosus sp. nov., isolated from coastal sea ice and sediments of the Sea of Japan. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54, 1741–1745.
Sasser, M. (1990). Identification of Bacteria by Gas Chromatography of Cellular Fatty Acids. Newark, DE: MIDI.
Stackebrandt, E. & Goebel, B. M. (1994). Taxonomic note: a place for DNA-DNA reassociation and 16S rRNA sequence analysis in the present species definition in bacteriology. Int J Syst Bacteriol 44, 846–849.
Staley, J. T. (1968). Prosthecomicrobium and Ancalomicrobium: new prosthecate freshwater bacteria. J Bacteriol 95, 1921–1942.
Tamaoka, J. & Komagata, K. (1984). Determination of DNA base composition by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. FEMS Microbiol Lett 25, 125–128.
Vela, A. I., Collins, M. D., Latre, M. V., Mateos, A., Moreno, M. A., Hutson, R., Domínguez, L. & Fernández-Garayzábal, J. F. (2003). Psychrobacter pulmonis sp. nov., isolated from the lungs of lambs. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53, 415–419.
Wayne, L. G., Brenner, D. J., Colwell, R. R. & 9 other authors (1987). International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology. Report of the ad hoc committee on reconciliation of approaches to bacterial systematics. Int J Syst Bacteriol 37, 463–464.
Yoon, J.-H., Kim, H., Kim, S.-B., Kim, H.-J., Kim, W. Y., Lee, S. T., Goodfellow, M. & Park, Y.-H. (1996). Identification of Saccharomonospora strains by the use of genomic DNA fragments and rRNA gene probes. Int J Syst Bacteriol 46, 502–505.
Yoon, J.-H., Lee, S. T. & Park, Y.-H. (1998). Inter- and intraspecific phylogenetic analysis of the genus Nocardioides and related taxa based on 16S rDNA sequences. Int J Syst Bacteriol 48, 187–194.
Yoon, J.-H., Kang, K. H. & Park, Y.-H. (2003). Psychrobacter jeotgali sp. nov., isolated from jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53, 449–454.
Yoon, J.-H., Yeo, S.-H., Oh, T.-K. & Park, Y.-H. (2005). Psychrobacter alimentarius sp. nov., isolated from squid jeotgal, a traditional Korean fermented seafood. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 55, 171–176.
Yumoto, I., Hirota, K., Sogabe, Y., Nodasaka, Y., Yokota, Y. & Hoshino, T. (2003). Psychrobacter okhotskensis sp. nov., a lipase-producing facultative psychrophile isolated from the coast of the Okhotsk Sea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53, 1985–1989.
Yurkov, V., Stackebrandt, E., Holmes, A. & 7 other authors (1994). Phylogenetic positions of novel aerobic, bacteriochlorophyll a-containing bacteria and description of Roseococcus thiosulfatophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., Erythromicrobium ramosum gen. nov., sp. nov., and Erythrobacter litoralis sp. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 44, 427–434.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  A. F. Yassin and H.-J. Busse Psychrobacter lutiphocae sp. nov., isolated from the faeces of a seal Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, August 1, 2009; 59(8): 2049 - 2053. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. A. Romanenko, N. Tanaka, G. M. Frolova, and V. V. Mikhailov Psychrobacter fulvigenes sp. nov., isolated from a marine crustacean from the Sea of Japan Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, June 1, 2009; 59(6): 1480 - 1486. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Song, Y.-J. Choo, and J.-C. Cho Perlucidibaca piscinae gen. nov., sp. nov., a freshwater bacterium belonging to the family Moraxellaceae Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, January 1, 2008; 58(1): 97 - 102. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.-H. Yoon, C.-H. Lee, S.-J. Kang, and T.-K. Oh Psychrobacter celer sp. nov., isolated from sea water of the South Sea in Korea Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, September 1, 2005; 55(5): 1885 - 1890. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| INT J SYST EVOL MICROBIOL | MICROBIOLOGY | J GEN VIROL |
| J MED MICROBIOL | ALL SGM JOURNALS | |
