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Caldithrix palaeochoryensis sp. nov., a novel thermophilic anaerobic organotrophic bacterium from geothermally heated sediments off Palaeochory Bay (Milos Island, Greece)

¹ Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology;
² Bioengineering Center;
³ DZMZ

⁴ E-mail: alfamirr{at}mail.ru

A novel thermophilic, strictly anaerobic chemoorganotrophic bacterium designated strain MCT was isolated from the geothermally heated sediments of a marine hydrothermal system at Palaeochory Bay (Milos, Greece). Cells of the novel organism were rods of variable length (4-12 µm) and 0.2-0.3 µm in width, occurring as single or forming large aggregates visible as flocks. Strain grew optimally at pH 7.0, temperature 60 °C and salinity 3% (w/v) NaCl. It grew chemoorganoheterotrophically, fermenting peptides, di- and polysaccharides in the presence of 0.1 g/l yeast extract. The DNA G+C content of strain MCT was 43.3 mol %. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene placed the strain MCT within the genus Caldithrix. However, the novel isolate possesses metabolic characteristics that differentiate it from the only previously described species of this genus. On the basis of phylogenetic and phenotypical consideration, it is proposed that strain MCT represents a novel species, Caldithrix palaeochoryensis sp. nov. The type strain is MCT (= DSM 21940T; =VKM B-2536). An amendment of the genus Caldithrix is proposed based on the phenotypical features of the novel species.