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Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 60 (2010), 444-450; DOI  10.1099/ijs.0.012880-0
© 2010 International Union of Microbiological Societies

Thiohalobacter thiocyanaticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, sulfur-oxidizing gammaproteobacterium from hypersaline lakes, that utilizes thiocyanate

Dimitry Yu. Sorokin1,2, Olga L. Kovaleva3, Tatjana P. Tourova1 and Gerard Muyzer2

1 Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 60-let Octyabrya 7/2, 117811 Moscow, Russia
2 Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC Delft, The Netherlands
3 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

Correspondence
Dimitry Yu. Sorokin
soroc{at}inmi.host.ru
or
d.y.sorokin{at}tudelft.nl

A moderately halophilic, obligately chemolithoautotrophic, sulfur-oxidizing bacterium, designated strain HRh1T, was obtained from mixed sediment samples from hypersaline chloride–sulfate lakes in the Kulunda Steppe, in south-western Siberia (Russia), using aerobic enrichment culture at 1 M NaCl with thiocyanate as substrate. Cells of the isolate were short, non-motile rods with a Gram-negative type of cell wall. The bacterium was an obligate aerobe capable of chemolithoautotrophic growth with thiocyanate and thiosulfate. With thiosulfate, it grew at NaCl concentrations of 0.2–3.0 M (optimum 0.5 M) and at pH 6.3–8.0 (optimum pH 7.3–7.5). During growth on thiocyanate, cyanate was identified as an intermediate. The dominant cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0 and C18 : 1{omega}7. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing placed the isolate in the class Gammaproteobacteria as an independent lineage, with an unclassified marine sulfur-oxidizing bacterium as the closest culturable relative (93 % sequence similarity). A single cbbL gene (coding for the key enzyme of the Calvin–Benson cycle of autotrophic CO2 assimilation) with relatively low similarity to any homologous genes found in chemolithoautotrophs was detected in strain HRh1T. On the basis of our phenotypic and phylogenetic analysis, the halophilic isolate is proposed to represent a new genus and novel species, Thiohalobacter thiocyanaticus gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of Thiohalobacter thiocyanaticus is HRh1T (=DSM 21152T =UNIQEM U249T).

Abbreviations: COS, carbonyl sulfide; RuBisCO, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase; SOB, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA and cbbL gene sequences of strain HRh1T are FJ482231 and FJ716702, respectively.

A comparison of the fatty acid profile of strain HRh1T and related strains is available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.






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