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Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59 (2009), 2364-2369; DOI  10.1099/ijs.0.007419-0
© 2009 International Union of Microbiological Societies

Campylobacter avium sp. nov., a hippurate-positive species isolated from poultry

Mirko Rossi1,{dagger}, Lies Debruyne2, Renato Giulio Zanoni1, Gerardo Manfreda3, Joana Revez1 and Peter Vandamme2

1 Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Pathology, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
2 Department of Biochemistry, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
3 Department of Food Science, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via del Florio 2, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy

Correspondence
Mirko Rossi
mirko.rossi{at}helsinki.fi

Three strains of an unusual hippurate-positive Campylobacter species were isolated at 37 °C from caecal contents of broiler chickens and a turkey. All strains were initially identified as Campylobacter by means of genus-specific PCR, but none was further identified using specific PCRs for known thermophilic species. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA, rpoB and groEL gene sequences revealed that these strains formed a robust clade distinct from other Campylobacter species. Amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis and whole-cell protein electrophoresis were subsequently carried out and confirmed the divergence between the avian strains and other taxa. These data indicate that the unidentified Campylobacter strains belong to a novel taxon which could be distinguished from other campylobacters through its phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. The name Campylobacter avium sp. nov., is proposed for the novel species, with the type strain 86/06T (=LMG 24591T =CCUG 56292T).

Abbreviations: AFLP, amplified fragment length polymorphism

{dagger}Present address: Department of Food and Environmental Hygiene, University of Helsinki, PO Box 66, Agnes Sjöbergin katu 2, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA, rpoB and groEL gene sequences of strains 86/06T, 24/06 and 87/06 are respectively EU623473–EU623475 (16S rRNA gene), EU643476, EU643478 and EU643477 (rpoB) and EU636014, EU636013 and EU636812 (groEL).

Neighbour-joining dendrograms based on partial rpoB and groEL sequences and a UPGMA dendrogram based on analysis of protein profiles of strains of Campylobacter avium sp. nov. and other Campylobacter species are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.






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