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Pantoea vagans sp. nov., Pantoea eucalypti sp. nov., Pantoea deleyi sp. nov. and Pantoea anthophila sp. nov.

¹ Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
² BCCM/LMG Bacteria Collection, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium

Correspondence
Teresa A. Coutinho
teresa.coutinho{at}up.ac.za

Bacteria isolated from eucalyptus leaves and shoots showing symptoms of blight and die-back collected in Uganda, Uruguay and Argentina and from maize displaying brown stalk rot symptoms in South Africa were tentatively placed in the genus Pantoea on the basis of phenotypic and biochemical tests. These isolates, together with two strains (LMG 2558 and LMG 2560) previously assigned to Pantoea agglomerans based on protein electrophoregrams but later excluded from this species, were further investigated using molecular techniques. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and multilocus sequence analyses (MLSA) revealed that the strains were phylogenetically closely related to Pantoea agglomerans, Pantoea stewartii and Pantoea ananatis. MLSA and amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis placed the strains into four separate clusters, not containing any of the type strains of species of the genus Pantoea. DNA–DNA hybridization confirmed the classification of the isolates into four novel species, for which the names Pantoea vagans sp. nov. (type strain R-21566^T =LMG 24199^T =BCC 105^T =BD 765^T), Pantoea eucalypti sp. nov. (type strain R-25678^T =LMG 24197^T =BCC 076^T =BD 769^T), Pantoea deleyi sp. nov. (type strain R-31523^T =LMG 24200^T =BCC 109^T =BD 767^T) and Pantoea anthophila sp. nov. (type strain LMG 2558^T =BD 871^T =NCPPB 1682^T) are proposed.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of P. eucalypti R-25678^T (=LMG 24197^T), P. anthophila LMG 2558^T, P. deleyi R-31523^T (=LMG 24200^T) and P. vagans R-21566^T (=LMG 24199^T) are EF688009–EF688012, respectively, and those of strains LMG 5345, LMG 5343, LMG 2781 and R-35496 are respectively EU216734–EU216737.

Detailed DNA–DNA hybridization results and a UPGMA dendrogram based on FAFLP analysis are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.