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Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59 (2009), 2302-2307; DOI  10.1099/ijs.0.002816-0
© 2009 International Union of Microbiological Societies

Proteocatella sphenisci gen. nov., sp. nov., a psychrotolerant, spore-forming anaerobe isolated from penguin guano

Elena V. Pikuta1, Richard B. Hoover1, Damien Marsic2, William B. Whitman3, Boguslaw Lupa3, Jane Tang4 and Paul Krader4

1 NASA/NSSTC, Astrobiology Laboratory, 320 Sparkman Drive, Room 4247, Huntsville, AL 35805, USA
2 Laboratory for Structural Biology, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, MSB, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
3 Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2605, USA
4 American Type Culture Collection, 10801 University Blvd, Manassas, VA 20110, USA

Correspondence
Elena V. Pikuta
elena.pikuta{at}uah.edu

A novel, obligately anaerobic, psychrotolerant bacterium, designated strain PPP2T, was isolated from guano of the Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) in Chilean Patagonia. Cells were Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming, straight rods (0.7–0.8x3.0–5.0 µm) that were motile by means of peritrichous flagella. Growth was observed at pH 6.7–9.7 (optimum pH 8.3) and 2–37 °C (optimum 29 °C). Growth was observed between 0 and 4 % (w/v) NaCl with optimum growth at 0.5 % (w/v). Strain PPP2T was a catalase-negative chemo-organoheterotroph that was capable of fermentative metabolism. Peptone, bacto-tryptone, Casamino acids, oxalate, starch, chitin and yeast extract were utilized as substrates. The major metabolic products were acetate, butyrate and ethanol. Strain PPP2T was resistant to ampicillin, but sensitive to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, rifampicin, kanamycin, vancomycin and gentamicin. The DNA G+C content of strain PPP2T was 39.5 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain PPP2T was related most closely to Clostridium sticklandii SR (~90 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). On the basis of phylogenetic analysis and phenotypic characteristics, strain PPP2T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Proteocatella sphenisci gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Proteocatella sphenisci is PPP2T (=ATCC BAA-755T =JCM 12175T =CIP 108034T).

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PPP2T is AF450134.

A figure showing the temperature range and optimum for growth of strain PPP2T and a table giving the fatty acid composition of strain PPP2T are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.






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