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Aliagarivorans marinus gen. nov., sp. nov. and Aliagarivorans taiwanensis sp. nov., facultatively anaerobic marine bacteria capable of agar degradation

¹ Center for General Education, Leader University, No. 188, Sec. 5, An-Chung Rd, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
² Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, PO Box 23-13, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
³ College of Health Care, China Medical University, No. 91, Shyue-Shyh Rd, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC

Correspondence
Wung Yang Shieh
winyang{at}ntu.edu.tw

Two agarolytic strains of Gram-negative, heterotrophic, facultatively anaerobic, marine bacteria, designated AAM1^T and AAT1^T, were isolated from seawater samples collected in the shallow coastal region of An-Ping Harbour, Tainan, Taiwan. Cells grown in broth cultures were straight rods that were motile by means of a single polar flagellum. The two isolates required NaCl for growth and grew optimally at about 25–30 °C, in 2–4 % NaCl and at pH 8. They grew aerobically and could achieve anaerobic growth by fermenting D-glucose or other sugars. The major isoprenoid quinone was Q-8 (79.8–92.0 %) and the major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C_{16 : 1}7c and/or iso-C_{15 : 0} 2-OH; 26.4–35.6 %), C_{18 : 1}7c (27.1–31.4 %) and C_{16 : 0} (14.8–16.3 %) in the two strains. Strains AAM1^T and AAT1^T had DNA G+C contents of 52.9 and 52.4 mol%, respectively. The two strains had a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 98.6 % and shared 84.9–92.4 % sequence similarity with the type strains of Agarivorans albus (91.2–92.4 %), eight Alteromonas species (84.9–87.1 %), two Aestuariibacter species (86.0–87.0 %), Bowmanella denitrificans (86.1–86.7 %), eight Glaciecola species (85.0–87.9 %) and Salinimonas chungwhensis (85.9–86.1 %). Despite their high sequence similarity, strains AAM1^T and AAT1^T had a DNA–DNA relatedness value of only 4.5 %. The data obtained from these polyphasic taxonomic studies revealed that the two agarolytic isolates could be classified as representatives of two novel species in a new genus, Aliagarivorans gen. nov., with Aliagarivorans marinus sp. nov. [type strain is AAM1^T (=BCRC 17888^T=JCM 15522^T)] as the type species and Aliagarivorans taiwanensis sp. nov. [type strain is AAT1^T (=BCRC 17889^T=JCM 15537^T)] as a second species.