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Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59 (2009), 1764-1770; DOI  10.1099/ijs.0.003483-0
© 2009 International Union of Microbiological Societies

Clostridium clariflavum sp. nov. and Clostridium caenicola sp. nov., moderately thermophilic, cellulose-/cellobiose-digesting bacteria isolated from methanogenic sludge

Hatsumi Shiratori1, Kinuyo Sasaya1, Hitomi Ohiwa1, Hironori Ikeno1, Shohei Ayame2, Naoaki Kataoka2, Akiko Miya2, Teruhiko Beppu1 and Kenji Ueda1

1 Life Science Research Center, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa 252-8510, Japan
2 Ebara Research Co., Ltd, 4-2-1, Honfujisawa, Fujisawa 251-8502, Japan

Correspondence
Hatsumi Shiratori
siratori{at}brs.nihon-u.ac.jp

Two novel anaerobic, moderately thermophilic and cellulose-/cellobiose-digesting bacteria, EBR45T and EBR596T, were isolated from anaerobic sludge of a cellulose-degrading methanogenic bioreactor. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that these strains belonged to cluster III within the low-G+C-content Gram-positive bacteria. The close relatives of EBR45T were Clostridium straminisolvens DSM 16021T (sequence identity, 94.6 %) and Clostridium thermocellum DSM 1237T (93.4 %). The closest relative of EBR596T was Clostridium stercorarium DSM 8532T (95.9 %). Both isolates were rod-shaped sporulators, growing optimally at 60 °C. EBR45T was Gram-staining-reaction-variable and non-motile, formed bright-yellow colonies on solid media, and grew on a relatively narrow range of carbohydrates including cellulose and cellobiose. EBR596T was Gram-staining-reaction-negative and motile, formed glossy white colonies and grew on cellobiose and various carbohydrates except cellulose. Major fatty acid compositions were 16 : 0 iso, 16 : 0 and 16 : 0 dimethylacetal (strain EBR45T) and 15 : 0 iso, 16 : 0 iso, 15 : 0 anteiso and 17 : 0 anteiso (strain EBR596T). The DNA G+C contents were 36.9 mol% (EBR45T) and 51.1 mol% (EBR596T). Based on the phenotypic and phylogenetic data and genomic distinctiveness, strains EBR45T and EBR596T represent two novel species, for which the names Clostridium clariflavum sp. nov. (type strain EBR45T =DSM 19732T =NBRC 101661T) and Clostridium caenicola sp. nov. (type strain EBR596T =DSM 19027T =NBRC 102590T) are proposed.

Abbreviations: DMA, dimethylacetal

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains EBR45T and EBR596T are AB186359 and AB221372.






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