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Deferribacter autotrophicus sp. nov., an iron(III)-reducing bacterium from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent

¹ Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7/2, 117312 Moscow, Russia
² Bioengineering Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7/1, 117312 Moscow, Russia
³ UMR 6197, Microbiology of Extreme Environments, Ifremer, Centre de Brest, 29280 Plouzane, France

Correspondence
G. B. Slobodkina
gslobodkina{at}mail.ru

A thermophilic, anaerobic, chemolithoautotrophic bacterium (designated strain SL50^T) was isolated from a hydrothermal sample collected at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge from the deepest of the known World ocean hydrothermal fields, Ashadze field (1 ° 58' 21'' N 4 ° 51' 47'' W) at a depth of 4100 m. Cells of strain SL50^T were motile, straight to bent rods with one polar flagellum, 0.5–0.6 µm in width and 3.0–3.5 µm in length. The temperature range for growth was 25–75 °C, with an optimum at 60 °C. The pH range for growth was 5.0–7.5, with an optimum at pH 6.5. Growth of strain SL50^T was observed at NaCl concentrations ranging from 1.0 to 6.0 % (w/v) with an optimum at 2.5 % (w/v). The generation time under optimal growth conditions for strain SL50^T was 60 min. Strain SL50^T used molecular hydrogen, acetate, lactate, succinate, pyruvate and complex proteinaceous compounds as electron donors, and Fe(III), Mn(IV), nitrate or elemental sulfur as electron acceptors. The G+C content of the DNA of strain SL50^T was 28.7 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the closest relative of strain SL50^T was Deferribacter abyssi JR^T (95.5 % similarity). On the basis of its physiological properties and phylogenetic analyses, the isolate is considered to represent a novel species, for which the name Deferribacter autotrophicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SL50^T (=DSM 21529^T=VKPM B-10097^T). Deferribacter autotrophicus sp. nov. is the first described deep-sea bacterium capable of chemolithoautotrophic growth using molecular hydrogen as an electron donor and ferric iron as electron acceptor and CO₂ as the carbon source.