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Photobacterium aquimaris sp. nov., a luminous marine bacterium isolated from seawater

¹ Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 1-15-1, Minamidai, Nakano-Ku, Tokyo 164-8639, Japan
² Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan

Correspondence
Susumu Yoshizawa
y_susumu{at}nenv.k.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Two luminous marine bacteria, strains LC2-065^T and LC2-102, were isolated from seawater at Sagami Bay in Japan. These bacteria were Gram-negative, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, motile and coccoid-rods. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) using six loci (ftsZ, gapA, gyrB, mreB, pyrH and topA) and sequence analysis of the alpha subunit of luciferase (luxA) gene revealed that these bacteria were distinct from other species of the genus Photobacterium. These novel strains were most closely related to Photobacterium kishitanii. The DNA–DNA hybridization value between strain LC2-065^T and Photobacterium kishitanii ATCC BAA-1194^T was 42.1 %. The major fatty acids were C_{12 : 0,} C_{14 : 0}, C_{16 : 0}, C_{18 : 0} and C_{15 : 0} iso 2-OH and/or C_{16 : 1}7c (summed feature 3). The DNA G+C contents of strains LC2-065^T and LC2-086 were 42.2 and 42.9 mol%, respectively. The phenotypic features of the novel strains were similar to those of P. kishitanii and P. phosphoreum, but there were sufficient physiological differences for the novel strains to be easily differentiated. On the basis of these results, these new strains represent a novel species, for which the name Photobacterium aquimaris sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LC2-065^T (=NBRC 104633^T=KCTC 22356^T).

Supplementary tables detailing the GenBank accession numbers for the 16S rRNA, ftsZ, gapA, gyrB, mreB, pyrH and topA gene sequences used in this study and the fatty acid contents of strain LC2-065^T are available with the online version of this paper. Seven additional phylogenetic trees based on analysis of the 16S rRNA (maximum-likelihood), ftsZ, gapA, gyrB, mreB, pyrH and topA (neighbour-joining) gene sequences are also available.