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1 Microbial Type Culture Collection & Gene Bank (MTCC), Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh 160 036, India
2 DSMZ – Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, Inhoffenstr. 7b, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany
Correspondence
T. Chakrabarti
tapan{at}imtech.res.in
In the course of a study of the prokaryotic diversity of a landfill site in Chandigarh, India, a strain designated SK 55T was isolated and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Its 16S rRNA gene sequence showed closest similarity (98.3 %) to that of Sporosarcina macmurdoensis CMS 21wT. The sequence similarity to strains of other hitherto described species of Sporosarcina was less than 95.5 %. Strain SK 55T contains peptidoglycan of the A4
type (L-Lys–D-Asp), MK-8 and MK-7 as the major menaquinones and iso-C15 : 0 as the major fatty acid. Strain SK 55T, Sporosarcina macmurdoensis and Sporosarcina ureae, the type species of the genus, had some polar lipids in common (diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, a phospholipid and an unknown lipid). However, an aminolipid, an aminophospholipid and an unknown lipid found in the former two organisms are similar, though not identical, but quite different from the profile of S. ureae. The genomic DNA G+C contents of strain SK 55T (46.0 mol%) and S. macmurdoensis CMS 21wT (44.0 mol%) are higher than those reported for the majority of species of Sporosarcina (36–42 mol%). As revealed by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain SK 55T and S. macmurdoensis CMS 21wT form a clade which is distinct from the clade occupied by other species of Sporosarcina. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics including chemotaxonomic data and analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence, we conclude that strain SK 55T should be considered as a member of a novel genus and species, for which the name Paenisporosarcina quisquiliarum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Paenisporosarcina quisquiliarum is SK 55T (=MTCC7604T =JCM 14041T). S. macmurdoensis CMS 21wT shows more similarity in its 16S rRNA gene sequence (98.3 %), DNA G+C content and polar lipid profile to strain SK 55T than to S. ureae DSM 2281T. Phylogenetically, it forms a coherent cluster with strain SK 55T which is separate from the Sporosarcina cluster. Moreover, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and C16 : 1
7c alcohol are the three major fatty acids in both S. macmurdoensis CMS 21wT and SK 55T. All these data suggest that S. macmurdoensis should be a member of the genus Paenisporosarcina. However, S. macmurdoensis can be differentiated from SK 55T in several physiological and biochemical characteristics, especially in the patterns of oxidation and acid production from carbohydrates. The genomic relatedness of S. macmurdoensis CMS 21wT and strain SK 55T was also very low (18.0 %). It is therefore logical to transfer Sporosarcina macmurdoensis to the newly created genus as Paenisporosarcina macmurdoensis comb. nov. The type strain is CMS 21wT (=MTCC4670T =DSM 15428T).
Present address: Department of Microbiology, University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India. The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain SK 55T is DQ333897.
Polar lipid profiles of strain SK 55T and related strains are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.
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