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1 CIRAD, UMR 15 Control of Exotic and Emerging Animal Diseases, TA A-15/G, Campus International Baillarguet, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
2 Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, University of Bern, Vetsuisse Faculty, Länggass-Str. 122, PO Box, CH-3001 Bern, Switzerland
3 Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (Federal Research Institute for Animal Health), Naumburger Str. 96a, D-07743 Jena, Germany
4 NSW Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, PMB 8, Camden, NSW, Australia
5 Institute for the Biotechnology of Infectious Diseases, University of Technology Sydney, Level 6, Building 4, Cnr Thomas and Harris St, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
Correspondence
L. Manso-Silván
lucia.manso-silvan{at}cirad.fr
The Mycoplasma mycoides cluster consists of six pathogenic mycoplasmas causing disease in ruminants, which share many genotypic and phenotypic traits. The M. mycoides cluster comprises five recognized taxa: Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides Small Colony (MmmSC), M. mycoides subsp. mycoides Large Colony (MmmLC), M. mycoides subsp. capri (Mmc), Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capricolum (Mcc) and M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae (Mccp). The group of strains known as Mycoplasma sp. bovine group 7 of Leach (MBG7) has remained unassigned, due to conflicting data obtained by different classification methods. In the present paper, all available data, including recent phylogenetic analyses, have been reviewed, resulting in a proposal for an emended taxonomy of this cluster: (i) the MBG7 strains, although related phylogenetically to M. capricolum, hold sufficient characteristic traits to be assigned as a separate species, i.e. Mycoplasma leachii sp. nov. (type strain, PG50T = N29T = NCTC 10133T = DSM 21131T); (ii) MmmLC and Mmc, which can only be distinguished by serological methods and are related more distantly to MmmSC, should be combined into a single subspecies, i.e. Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri, leaving M. mycoides subsp. mycoides (MmmSC) as the exclusive designation for the agent of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia. A taxonomic description of M. leachii sp. nov. and emended descriptions of M. mycoides subsp. mycoides and M. mycoides subsp. capri are presented. As a result of these emendments, the M. mycoides cluster will hereafter be composed of five taxa comprising three subclusters, which correspond to the M. mycoides subspecies, the M. capricolum subspecies and the novel species M. leachii.
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