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Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59 (2009), 987-991; DOI  10.1099/ijs.0.002287-0
© 2009 International Union of Microbiological Societies

Treponema pedis sp. nov., a spirochaete isolated from bovine digital dermatitis lesions

Nicholas J. Evans1,2, Jennifer M. Brown1, Ibrahim Demirkan1,{dagger}, Richard D. Murray2, Richard J. Birtles1, C. Anthony Hart3 and Stuart D. Carter1,2

1 Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
2 Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Leahurst, Neston CH64 7TE, UK
3 Department of Medical Microbiology, Genitourinary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Duncan Building, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK

Correspondence
Nicholas J. Evans
evansnj{at}liverpool.ac.uk

Bovine digital dermatitis (BDD) is a debilitating infection that is being increasingly recognized in livestock worldwide. Several treponeme phylotypes have been identified in BDD lesions, although only a single BDD-associated treponeme taxon (Treponema brennaborense) has been proposed thus far. In a previous study, we observed that four BDD-associated spirochaete isolates formed a distinct phylogenetic cluster on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and shared less than 97 % sequence similarity with recognized treponeme species. Further characterization of these isolates on the basis of growth characteristics, flaB2 gene sequences, enzyme profiles and cell morphology confirmed that they formed a coherent taxonomic group displaying marked genotypic and phenotypic differences with respect to recognized treponeme species. The four novel isolates displayed a novel 3 : 6 : 3 flagellar pattern rather than the 2 : 4 : 2 pattern shown by their closest relatives and exhibited esterase C4, esterase lipase C8, trypsin and chymotrypsin enzyme activities. Therefore these four new isolates represent a novel species of the genus Treponema, for which the name Treponema pedis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is T3552BT (=DSM 18691T=NCTC 13403T).

Abbreviations: BDD, bovine digital dermatitis; FCS, fetal calf serum

{dagger}Present address: Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03200, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains T3552BT, T18B, T354A and G819CB are EF061268, EF061270, EF061267 and EF061269, respectively. The accession numbers for the flaB2 gene sequences of strains T3552BT, T18B, T354A and G819CB are EF061284, EU754824, EF061283 and EU754823, respectively.

The growth characteristics of strain T3552BT on FAA plates supplemented with defibrinated sheep blood and FCS are shown in a supplementary figure available with the online version of this paper.






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