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Gracilimonas tropica gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a Synechococcus culture

¹ Open and Tropical Research Division, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute, Ansan 426-744, Republic of Korea
² School of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Shillim-dong, Kwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea

Correspondence
Byung C. Cho
bccho{at}snu.ac.kr

An irregular, long, rod-shaped marine bacterium, designated CL-CB462^T, was isolated from a Synechococcus culture, which was established from surface water from the tropical Pacific Ocean. The physiological and biochemical features, fatty acid profile and phylogenetic position based on 16S rRNA gene sequences were investigated for the novel strain. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the closest relatives of strain CL-CB462^T were Balneola vulgaris and Balneola alkaliphila. Strain CL-CB462^T formed a robust clade with members of the genus Balneola in all phylogenetic trees constructed by three different methods. However, the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity was very low (91.3–91.5 % similarity) and phenotypic and physiological features could clearly differentiate strain CL-CB462^T from the genus Balneola. Cells of the novel strain were non-motile and spore-forming. The strain was able to grow at 1–20 % (w/v) (optimum of 3–6 %) sea salt concentration, at temperatures of 20–40 °C and between pH 6 and 10. The fatty acids were dominated by 15 : 0 iso (41.2 %) and 17 : 19c iso (21.4 %). The DNA G+C content was 42.7 mol%. Based on polyphasic evidence, strain CL-CB462^T was considered to represent a new genus. The name Gracilimonas tropica gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed for the type strain of the type species (CL-CB462^T=KCCM 90063^T=DSM 19535^T).

The GenBank accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain CL-CB462^T is EF988655.

Phylogenetic trees constructed with maximum-likelihood and maximum-parsimony methods and a comparison of fatty acid compositions for strain CL-CB462^T and related species are available with the online version of this paper.