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Rhodobacter aestuarii sp. nov., a phototrophic alphaproteobacterium isolated from an estuarine environment

¹ Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, PO Central University, Hyderabad 500 046, India
² Bacterial Discovery Laboratory, Centre for Environment, Institute of Science and Technology, JNT University, Kukatpally, Hyderabad 500 085, India

Correspondence
Ch. V. Ramana
r449{at}sify.com
or
sasi449{at}yahoo.ie

An ovoid to rod-shaped, phototrophic, purple non-sulfur bacterium was isolated from a brown-coloured microbial mat from the brackish water of Bhitarkanika mangrove forest, Dangmal, Orissa, India. Cells of strain JA296^T were Gram-negative and motile, forming chains of four to eight cells. The colour of the cell suspension grown under anaerobic conditions in the light was yellowish green. Bacteriochlorophyll a and the carotenoids spheroidene and spheroidenone of the spirilloxanthin series were present as photosynthetic pigments. The bacterium was a facultative anaerobe and was able to grow photo-organoheterotrophically and chemo-organoheterotrophically. Thiamine was required as a growth factor. C_{18 : 1}7c was the dominant fatty acid. Internal cytoplasmic membranes were of the vesicular type. Strain JA296^T did not require NaCl for growth. Phylogenetic analysis on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JA296^T was most closely related to Rhodobacter capsulatus ATCC 11166^T (95.5 % sequence similarity) and clustered with species of the genus Rhodobacter of the family Rhodobacteraceae, class Alphaproteobacteria. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and morphological and physiological characteristics, strain JA296^T represents a novel species of the genus Rhodobacter, for which the name Rhodobacter aestuarii sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is JA296^T (=JCM 14887^T =CCUG 55130^T).

An electron micrograph of an ultrathin section of strain JA296^T and absorption spectra of pigments of strain JA296^T are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.