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Novel Campylobacter lari-like bacteria from humans and molluscs: description of Campylobacter peloridis sp. nov., Campylobacter lari subsp. concheus subsp. nov. and Campylobacter lari subsp. lari subsp. nov.

¹ Department of Biochemistry, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
² Institute of Environmental Research and Science, Food Safety Programme, PO Box 29 181, Christchurch, New Zealand

Correspondence
Lies Debruyne
Lies.Debruyne{at}UGent.be

A polyphasic study was undertaken to clarify the taxonomic position of Campylobacter lari-like strains isolated from shellfish and humans. The diversity within the strain collection was initially screened by means of fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis and whole-cell protein electrophoresis, revealing the existence of two clusters distinct from C. lari and other Campylobacter species. The divergence of these clusters was confirmed by phenotypic analysis and by 16S rRNA and hsp60 gene sequence analysis. Phylogenetic analysis identified C. lari, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli and Campylobacter insulaenigrae as the closest phylogenetic neighbours of both taxa. DNA–DNA hybridizations revealed that one cluster, comprising 10 strains, represented a novel Campylobacter species, for which the name Campylobacter peloridis sp. nov. is proposed, with 2314BVA^T (=LMG 23910^T =CCUG 55787^T) as the type strain. The second cluster, comprising six strains, represents a novel subspecies within the species C. lari, for which the name Campylobacter lari subsp. concheus subsp. nov. is proposed, with 2897R^T (=LMG 21009^T =CCUG 55786^T) as the type strain. The description of C. lari subsp. concheus has the effect of automatically creating the subspecies Campylobacter lari subsp. lari subsp. nov. (type strain LMG 8846^T=NCTC 11352^T).

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains LMG 21009^T and LMG 23910^T are AM922330 and AM922331, respectively, and those for the hsp60 gene sequences of strains LMG 22716^T, LMG 23910^T, LMG 11251, LMG 21009^T and LMG 11760 are AM924135–AM924139, respectively.

A neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on hsp60 gene sequences and a table of strains are available as supplementary data with the online version of this paper.

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