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1 Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
2 National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, National Mycobacteria Reference Laboratory, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
3 Laboratory for Medical Microbiology and Public Health, Enschede, The Netherlands
4 Innogenetics N.V., Department of Diagnostics, Gent, Belgium
5 Institute of Tropical Medicine, Department of Mycobacteriology, Antwerp, Belgium
Correspondence
Jakko van Ingen
jakko.van.ingen{at}rivm.nl
Eighteen isolates of a nonchromogenic, slowly growing, non-tuberculous species of the genus Mycobacterium were cultured from respiratory specimens obtained over the last eight years from 17 patients in the Netherlands. These isolates were grouped because they revealed a unique 16S rRNA gene sequence and were related to Mycobacterium xenopi. None of the 17 patients met the American Thoracic Society diagnostic criteria for non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease, which distinguishes the novel isolates from the related species, M. xenopi. A polyphasic taxonomic approach, including identification by biochemical and phenotypical analysis, hsp65 gene sequencing and PCR restriction enzyme pattern analysis, and sequence analyses of the rpoB gene and 16S–23S internal transcribed spacer supported the separate species status of the novel isolates. The name Mycobacterium noviomagense sp. nov. is proposed for the novel strains. The type strain is NLA000500338T (=DSM 45145T=CIP 109766T). A more distinctive taxonomy of NTM is a prerequisite for the assessment of their clinical relevance.
The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers 16S rRNA, 16S–23S ITS 1 and 2, hsp65 and rpoB gene sequences of strain NLA000500338T are EU239955, EU439248, EU439249, EU600390 and EU810775, respectively
Phylogenetic trees based on hsp65 and rpoB gene sequences of selected mycobacterial species are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.
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