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Allochromatium phaeobacterium sp. nov.

¹ Bacterial Discovery Laboratory, Centre for Environment, Institute of Science and Technology, J. N. T. University, Kukatpally, Hyderabad 500 085, India
² Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, PO Central University, Hyderabad 500 046, India

Correspondence
Ch. Sasikala
r449{at}sify.com
or
sasi449{at}yahoo.ie

A rod-shaped, phototrophic, purple sulfur bacterium was isolated in pure culture from brackish water near Bheemli, Visakhapatnam, India, in a medium that contained 2 % NaCl (w/v). Strain JA144^T was Gram-negative and motile. It did not require salt, but tolerated up to 3 % NaCl (w/v). Intracellular photosynthetic membranes were of the vesicular type. Bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids that probably belonged to the rhodopinal series were present as photosynthetic pigments. Strain JA144^T was able to grow photolithoautotrophically, photolithoheterotrophically and photoorganoheterotrophically. It did not require vitamins. Phylogenetic analysis on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JA144^T clustered with species of the genus Allochromatium belonging to the class Gammaproteobacteria. Highest sequence similarities of strain JA144^T were found with the type strains of Allochromatium vinosum (96.7 % similarity), Allochromatium renukae (96.3 %), Allochromatium minutissimum (95.6 %) and Allochromatium warmingii (89.2 %). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and morphological and physiological characteristics, strain JA144^T is sufficiently different from other Allochromatium species to represent a novel species, Allochromatium phaeobacterium sp. nov.; the type strain is JA144^T (=JCM 14796^T=DSM 19781^T).

A supplementary figure showing whole-cell and pigment (acetone-extracted) absorption spectra of strain JA144^T is available with the online version of this paper.