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Bacillus beijingensis sp. nov. and Bacillus ginsengi sp. nov., isolated from ginseng root

Fubin Qiu^1,2,, Xiaoxia Zhang^1,3,, Lin Liu¹, Lei Sun⁴, Peter Schumann⁵ and Wei Song¹

¹ College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, PR China
² College of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, PR China
³ Agricultural Cultural Collection of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
⁴ College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China
⁵ DSMZ – Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH, Inhoffenstraße 7B, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany

Correspondence
Wei Song
songwei{at}mail.cnu.edu.cn

Four alkaligenous, moderately halotolerant strains, designated ge09, ge10^T, ge14^T and ge15, were isolated from the internal tissue of ginseng root and their taxonomic positions were investigated by using a polyphasic approach. Cells of the four strains were Gram-positive-staining, non-motile, short rods. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains ge09 and ge10^T formed one cluster and strains ge14^T and ge15 formed another separate cluster within the genus Bacillus. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with type strains of other Bacillus species were less than 97 %. Levels of DNA–DNA relatedness among the four strains showed that strains ge09 and ge10^T and strains ge14^T and ge15 belonged to two separate species; the mean level of DNA–DNA relatedness between ge10^T and ge14^T was only 28.7 %. Their phenotypic and physiological properties supported the view that the two strains represent two different novel species of the genus Bacillus. The DNA G+C contents of strains ge10^T and ge14^T were 49.9 and 49.6 mol%, respectively. Strains ge10^T and ge14^T showed the peptidoglycan type A4 L-Lys–D-Glu. The lipids present in strains ge10^T and ge14^T were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, a minor amount of phosphatidylcholine and two unknown phospholipids. Their predominant respiratory quinone was MK-7. The fatty acid profiles of the four novel strains contained large quantities of branched and saturated fatty acids. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C_{15 : 0} (42.5 %), anteiso-C_{15 : 0} (22.2 %), anteiso-C_{17 : 0} (7.3 %) and C_{16 : 1}7c alcohol (5.7 %) in ge10^T and iso-C_{15 : 0} (50.7 %) and anteiso-C_{15 : 0} (20.1 %) in ge14^T. On the basis of their phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, two novel species of the genus Bacillus are proposed, Bacillus beijingensis sp. nov. (type strain ge10^T =DSM 19037^T =CGMCC 1.6762^T) and Bacillus ginsengi sp. nov. (type strain ge14^T =DSM 19038^T =CGMCC 1.6763^T).

These authors contributed equally to this work.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains ge09, ge10^T, ge14^T and ge15 are EF371373–EF371376, respectively.

Carbon source utilization data and fatty acid profiles of strains ge09, ge10^T, ge14^T and ge15 are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.