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Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59 (2009), 658-664; DOI  10.1099/ijs.0.004648-0
© 2009 International Union of Microbiological Societies

Ectothiorhodospira variabilis sp. nov., an alkaliphilic and halophilic purple sulfur bacterium from soda lakes

Vladimir M. Gorlenko1, Irina A. Bryantseva1, Sandra Rabold2, Tatjana P. Tourova1, Dariya Rubtsova1, Ekaterina Smirnova1, Vera Thiel2 and Johannes F. Imhoff2

1 Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7 k. 2, 117811 Moscow, Russia
2 Leibnitz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften IFM-GEOMAR, Marine Mikrobiologie, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany

Correspondence
Johannes F. Imhoff
jimhoff{at}ifm-geomar.de

During studies of moderately halophilic strains of Ectothiorhodospira from steppe soda lakes, we found a novel group of bacteria related to Ectothiorhodospira haloalkaliphila with salt optima at 50–80 g NaCl l–1. Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains from soda lakes in Mongolia, Egypt and Siberia revealed separation of the group of new isolates from other Ectothiorhodospira species, including the closely related Ect. haloalkaliphila. DNA–DNA hybridization studies demonstrated that the new isolates form a homogeneous group at the species level, but at the same time are distinct from related species such as Ect. haloalkaliphila, Ect. vacuolata, Ect. shaposhnikovii and Ect. marina. The new isolates are considered to be strains of a novel species, for which the name Ectothiorhodospira variabilis sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain WN22T (=VKM B-2479T =DSM 21381T). Photosynthetic pigments of the novel species are bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids of the spirilloxanthin series with spirilloxanthin and derivatives thereof, together with small amounts of lycopene and rhodopin. Gas vesicles are formed by most of the strains, particularly in media containing yeast extract (0.5 g l–1) and acetate (0.5–2.0 g l–1). Sequence analysis of nifH (nitrogenase) and cbbL (RuBisCO) confirmed the assignment of the strains to the genus Ectothiorhodospira and in particular the close relationship to Ect. haloalkaliphila. The novel species Ect. variabilis is found in soda lakes separated by great geographical distances and is an alkaliphilic and halophilic bacterium that tolerates salt concentrations up to 150–200 g NaCl l–1.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA, cbbL and nifH gene sequences of strain WN22T are respectively AM943121, EU503123 and EU503124. Those for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains M16gv, KulR, WN21R and WN21Y are respectively AM943122–AM943125.

Phylogenetic trees based on deduced amino acid sequences of cbbL and nifH are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.






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