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Pigmentiphaga litoralis sp. nov., a facultatively anaerobic bacterium isolated from a tidal flat sediment

Yi-Guang Chen^1,2,, Yu-Qin Zhang^2,3,, Ke Huang¹, Shu-Kun Tang², Yao Cao¹, Jin-Xiao Shi¹, Huai-Dong Xiao¹, Xiao-Long Cui² and Wen-Jun Li^2,4

¹ College of Bio-Resources and Environmental Science, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000, PR China
² The Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education and Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization Bio-Resources, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
³ Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
⁴ Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, PR China

Correspondence
Wen-Jun Li
wjli{at}ynu.edu.cn
Yi-Guang Chen
mchenjsu{at}yahoo.com.cn

A novel Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, non-sporulating, non-motile, catalase- and oxidase-positive, rod-shaped bacterium (strain JSM 061001^T) was isolated from a tidal flat in the South China Sea, China. Growth occurred with 0–5 % (w/v) NaCl [optimum, 0.5–1 % (w/v) NaCl], at pH 5.0–10.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and at 4–35 °C (optimum, 25–30 °C). The major cellular fatty acids were C_{16 : 0}, cyclo C_{17 : 0}, C_{18 : 1}7c and C_{16 : 1}. Strain JSM 061001^T contained ubiquinone Q-8 as the predominant respiratory quinone, and phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and an unidentified phospholipid as the polar lipids. The genomic DNA G+C content was 65.5 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain JSM 061001^T belongs to the family Alcaligenaceae and was related most closely to the type strains of the two recognized species of the genus Pigmentiphaga. The three strains formed a robust cluster in the neighbour-joining, maximum-parsimony and maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees. Levels of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain JSM 061001^T and the type strains of Pigmentiphaga daeguensis and Pigmentiphaga kullae were 15.8 and 10.5 %, respectively. The combination of phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA hybridization data, phenotypic characteristics and chemotaxonomic differences supported the view that strain JSM 061001^T represents a novel species of the genus Pigmentiphaga, for which the name Pigmentiphaga litoralis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JSM 061001^T (=CCTCC AA207034^T=KCTC 22165^T).

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain JSM 061001^T is EU583723.

Maximum-parsimony and maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees showing the position of strain JSM 061001^T among other related taxa inferred from 16S rRNA gene sequences, and a table detailing the fatty acid compositions of strain JSM 061001^T and members of the genus Pigmentiphaga are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.