| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
1 Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 60-let Octyabrya 7/2, 117811 Moscow, Russia
2 Environmental Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
3 Biocatalysis & Organic Chemistry, Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
4 G. K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
Correspondence
Dimitry Y. Sorokin
soroc{at}inmi.host.ru
or
D.Y.Sorokin{at}tnw.tudelft.nl
A novel bacterial strain, designated ANL-iso2T, was obtained from an enrichment culture inoculated with a mixture of soda lake sediments by using isobutyronitrile (iBN) as the carbon, energy and nitrogen source at pH 10. The enrichment resulted in a stable binary culture containing iBN-degrading Gram-positive rods and a satellite Gram-negative gammaproteobacterium Marinospirillum sp. strain (ANL-isoa) scavenging the products of nitrile hydrolysis. Cells of the iBN-degrading strain, ANL-iso2T, were short, non-motile, non-spore-forming rods. Strain ANL-iso2T was capable of utilizing propionitrile (C3), butyronitrile (C4), isobutyronitrile (C4), valeronitrile (C5) and capronitrile (C6) as the only growth substrate. Growth on nitriles was biphasic with fast initial hydrolysis of nitriles to the corresponding amides, carboxylic acids and ammonia and slow further utilization of these products resulting in biomass growth. Cells of strain ANL-iso2T grown with iBN were capable of extremely active hydration of a wide range of nitriles into the corresponding amides and much slower hydrolysis of these amides to the corresponding carboxylic acids. This indicated the presence of the nitrile hydratase/amidase pathway of nitrile degradation in the novel bacterium. Strain ANL-iso2T showed obligately alkaliphilic growth on iBN within the pH range 8.4–10.6, with optimum growth at 9.0–9.5. It was moderately salt-tolerant, with a salt range for growth of 0.1–2.0 M Na+ and an optimum salt concentration for growth of 0.2–0.3 M. The dominant fatty acids in the polar lipids were C16 : 0, iso-C14, C14 : 0, iso-C16 and C16 : 1
7. The cell wall contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. Phylogenetic analysis placed strain ANL-iso2T within the class Actinobacteria as an independent lineage with only uncultured bacteria from soda lakes as its nearest relatives. On the basis of its unique phenotype and distinct phylogeny, strain ANL-iso2T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Nitriliruptor alkaliphilus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species, Nitriliruptor alkaliphilus, is ANL-iso2T (=DSM 45188T=NCCB 100119T=UNIQEM U239T). Phylogenetic data suggest that the novel bacterium forms the basis of a new family Nitriliruptoraceae fam. nov. and a novel order Nitriliruptorales ord. nov. within the class Actinobacteria.
The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain ANL-iso2T is EF422408.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  X.-Y. Zhi, W.-J. Li, and E. Stackebrandt An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, March 1, 2009; 59(3): 589 - 608. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| INT J SYST EVOL MICROBIOL | MICROBIOLOGY | J GEN VIROL |
| J MED MICROBIOL | ALL SGM JOURNALS | |
