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Flectobacillus roseus sp. nov., isolated from freshwater in Taiwan

¹ Department of Marine Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
² Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, No. 142, Hai-Chuan Rd, Nan-Tzu, Kaohsiung City 811, Taiwan, ROC
³ Department of Soil Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
⁴ Research Center for Biodiversity, Academia Sinica, Nangang 115, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
⁵ Institute of Biotechnology, Tajen University, Yanpu, Pingtung 907, Taiwan, ROC

Correspondence
Wen-Ming Chen
p62365{at}ms28.hinet.net

Two Gram-negative, aerobic, pale pink/rose-coloured, rod-shaped, non-motile bacterial strains, designated GFA-11^T and RG-4, were isolated from a freshwater fish culture pond and a freshwater spring sample, respectively. Based on characterization by using a polyphasic approach, the two strains showed highly similar phenotypic, physiological and genetic characteristics. They shared 99.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and 89–94 % DNA–DNA relatedness, suggesting that they represent a single genomic species. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains GFA-11^T and RG-4 formed a monophyletic branch at the periphery of the evolutionary radiation occupied by the genus Flectobacillus within the family Flexibacteraceae. Their closest neighbours were Flectobacillus major DSM 103^T (97.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Flectobacillus lacus CL-GP79^T (95.9 %). Levels of DNA–DNA relatedness between the two novel strains and the type strains of F. major and F. lacus were less than 70 %. The results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed clear phenotypic differentiation of strains GFA-11^T and RG-4 from recognized members of the genus Flectobacillus. The predominant fatty acid constituents of strain GFA-11^T were C_{16 : 1}5c (40.2 % of the total) and iso-C_{15 : 0} (15.0 %). The DNA G+C content of strain GFA-11^T was 39.7 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and chemotaxonomic and physiological data, strains GFA-11^T and RG-4 are considered to represent a novel species of the genus Flectobacillus, for which the name Flectobacillus roseus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GFA-11^T (=BCRC 17834^T=LMG 24501^T).