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Castellaniella caeni sp. nov., a denitrifying bacterium isolated from sludge of a leachate treatment plant

¹ Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
² Department of Biology & Medicinal Sciences, Pai Chai University, #14 Yonja-1st Street, Seo-Gu, Daejeon 302-735, Republic of Korea

Correspondence
Wan-Taek Im
wandra{at}kaist.ac.kr
Sung-Taik Lee
e_stlee{at}kaist.ac.kr

A Gram-negative, non-motile, facultatively anaerobic, denitrifying bacterial strain, designated Ho-11^T, was isolated from sludge of a leachate treatment plant and was characterized taxonomically by using a polyphasic approach. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 63.5 mol%. Strain Ho-11^T contained ubiquinone Q-8 as the major respiratory lipoquinone and putrescine as the predominant polyamine. The major fatty acids were summed feature 4 (C_{16 : 1}7c and/or iso-C_{15 : 0} 2-OH; 29.3 %), C_{16 : 0} (28.0 %) and summed feature 7 (C_{18 : 1}7c, C_{18 : 1}9t and/or C_{18 : 1}12t; 19.8 %). Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain Ho-11^T belonged to the family Alcaligenaceae, class Betaproteobacteria, and joined the evolutionary radiation enclosed by the genus Castellaniella. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities between strain Ho-11^T and the type strains of the two recognized species of the genus, Castellaniella denitrificans DSM 11046^T and Castellaniella defragrans DSM 12141^T, were 97.8 and 97.4 %, respectively. Levels of similarity between strain Ho-11^T and all other recognized species of the family Alcaligenaceae were below 95.6 %. Strain Ho-11^T exhibited relatively low levels of DNA–DNA relatedness with respect to C. denitrificans DSM 11046^T (33 %) and C. defragrans DSM 12141^T (28 %). On the basis of its phenotypic and genotypic properties together with phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain Ho-11^T (=KCTC 12197^T=LMG 23411^T) should be classified in the genus Castellaniella as the type strain of a novel species, for which the name Castellaniella caeni sp. nov. is proposed.

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