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Cellulomonas chitinilytica sp. nov., a chitinolytic bacterium isolated from cattle-farm compost

¹ Department of BioEnvironmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
² Department of Biology and Medicinal Science, Pai Chai University, 14 Yeonja-1-Gil, Seo-Gu, Daejeon 302-735, Republic of Korea
³ Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1, Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea

Correspondence
Wan-Taek Im
wandra{at}kaist.ac.kr

A bacterial strain, designated X.bu-b^T, with chitin-, xylan-, cellulose- and starch-degrading activities, was isolated from compost at a cattle farm near Daejeon, Republic of Korea. The strain comprised Gram-positive, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacteria. On the basis of an analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, the phylogenetic position of X.bu-b^T was within the genus Cellulomonas, and the strain exhibited relatively high sequence similarities with respect to Cellulomonas biazotea DSM 20112^T (98.1 %), C. cellasea DSM 20118^T (98.1 %), C. fimi DSM 20113^T (98.0 %), C. terrae DB5^T (97.9 %), C. humilata ATCC 25174^T (97.7 %), C. xylanilytica XIL11^T (97.5 %), C. uda DSM 20107^T (97.4 %), C. gelida DSM 20111^T (97.3 %), C. iranensis O^T (97.3 %) and C. flavigena DSM 20109^T (97.0 %). The phylogenetic distance from other Cellulomonas species with validly published names was greater than 3 % (i.e. less than 97.0 % sequence similarity). Chemotaxonomic data also supported the classification of strain X.bu-b^T within the genus Cellulomonas: L-ornithine was the cell-wall diamino acid, anteiso-C_{15 : 0} and anteiso-C_{17 : 0} were the major fatty acids, rhamnose, galactose, xylose and ribose were the cell-wall sugars, MK-9(H₄) was the predominant menaquinone and diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol were present in the polar lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 73.6 mol%. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments showed that the values for DNA–DNA relatedness between strain X.bu-b^T and the phylogenetically closest neighbours were below 23 %. On the basis of its phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain X.bu-b^T represents a novel species of the genus Cellulomonas, for which the name Cellulomonas chitinilytica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is X.bu-b^T (=KCTC 19133^T =DSM 17922^T).

Results of 2D TLC showing the polar lipids of strain X.bu-b^T and tables listing selected characteristics and fatty acids of X.bu-b^T in comparison with those of related Cellulomonas species are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.

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