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Oceanobacillus caeni sp. nov., isolated from a Bacillus-dominated wastewater treatment system in Korea

¹ Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, 12, Gaeshin-dong, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea
² Department of Civil and Environmental System Engineering, Hanyang University, 1271, Sa-1 dong, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 425-791, Republic of Korea

Correspondence
Dong-Hun Lee
donghun{at}chungbuk.ac.kr

A Gram-positive, rod-shaped, spore-forming bacterium, strain S-11^T, was isolated from the activated sludge of a Bacillus-dominated wastewater treatment system in South Korea and was characterized using a polyphasic approach in order to determine its taxonomic position. Cells (0.5–0.6x2.0–2.2 µm) were motile by means of a single subpolar flagellum. They bore ellipsoidal endospores that lay in a central position in swollen sporangia. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain S-11^T was a member of the genus Oceanobacillus. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values and DNA–DNA relatedness of strain S-11^T to the type strains of other Oceanobacillus species were less than 96.2 and 66.0 %, respectively. Strain S-11^T showed distinct differences in the G+C content of the genomic DNA (33.6 mol%). The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C_{14 : 0}, iso-C_{15 : 0}, anteiso-C_{15 : 0} and iso-C_{16 : 0}. The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. There were also some physiological differences in comparison with the type strains of Oceanobacillus species: tests for production of acetoin and acid production from dulcitol, erythritol, myo-inositol and sorbitol were positive. The results of DNA–DNA hybridization and physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain S-11^T from the six Oceanobacillus species and subspecies with validly published names. Strain S-11^T therefore represents a novel species, for which the name Oceanobacillus caeni sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain S-11^T (=KCTC 13061^T =CCUG 53534^T =CIP 109363^T).

16S rRNA gene sequence-based maximum-parsimony and maximum-likelihood trees and detailed fatty acid profiles of strain S-11^T and related strains are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.

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