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Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58 (2008), 1079-1083; DOI  10.1099/ijs.0.64699-0
© 2008 International Union of Microbiological Societies

Treponema isoptericolens sp. nov., a novel spirochaete from the hindgut of the termite Incisitermes tabogae

Stefan Dröge1,2, Reinhard Rachel3, Renate Radek4 and Helmut König1

1 Institut für Mikrobiologie und Weinforschung, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
2 Prüf- und Forschungsinstitut Pirmasens eV, 66953 Pirmasens, Germany
3 Zentrum für Elektronenmikroskopie, NWF III, Biologie und Vkl. Med., Universität Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
4 Institut für Biologie/Zoologie, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany

Correspondence
Stefan Dröge
stefan.droege{at}pfi-pirmasens.de

A novel spirochaete, Treponema sp. strain SPIT5T, was isolated from hindgut contents of the drywood termite Incisitermes tabogae (Snyder). The cells of strain SPIT5T were motile, helical in shape, 0.4–0.5 µm in diameter and generally 12–20 µm long. The strain is obligately anaerobic and ferments different mono-, di- and oligosaccharides by forming ethanol as the main liquid fermentation end product. Furthermore, strain SPIT5T was able to grow anaerobically with yeast extract as sole carbon and energy source. Fastest growth was obtained at 30 °C, the temperature at which the termites were also grown. The optimum pH for growth was 7.2, with a range of pH 6.5–8.0. The cells possessed various enzyme activities that are involved in the degradation of lignocellulose in the termite hindgut, such as β-D-glucosidase, {alpha}-L-arabinosidase and β-D-xylosidase. The G+C content of the DNA was 47.7 mol%. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain SPIT5T was shown to belong to the so-called ‘termite cluster I’ of the genus Treponema. The closest relative of strain SPIT5T was Treponema primitia ZAS-2T, with 92.3 % sequence similarity. On the basis of its phenotypic and genotypic properties, strain SPIT5T can be distinguished from other described species of the genus Treponema. Therefore, strain SPIT5T represents a novel species of Treponema, for which the name Treponema isoptericolens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain SPIT5T (=DSM 18056T =JCM 13955T).

This article is dedicated to the memory of Dr Terry J. Beveridge, who died on 10 September 2007.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain SPIT5T is AM182455.




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