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Bacillus coahuilensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic species from a desiccation lagoon in the Cuatro Ciénegas Valley in Coahuila, Mexico

¹ Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-275, México D.F. 04510, Mexico
² Programa de Ingeniería Genómica, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado postal 565-A, Cuernavaca, Mor. 62210, Mexico
³ Langebio, Cinvestav, Apartado Postal 629, Irapuato, Gto. 36821, Mexico
⁴ Departamento de Ingeniería Genética de Plantas, Cinvestav Unidad Irapuato, Apartado Postal 629, Irapuato, Gto. 36821, Mexico
⁵ Department of Statistics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77251, USA

Correspondence
Valeria Souza
souza{at}servidor.unam.mx

A moderately halophilic, Gram-positive and rod-shaped bacterium, strain m4-4^T, was isolated from a Chihuahuan desert lagoon in Cuatro Ciénegas, Coahuila, Mexico. Strain m4-4^T was found to grow optimally at 30–37 °C, pH 7.0–8.0 and 5 % NaCl and to tolerate from 0.5 % to 10 % NaCl. It was shown to be aerobic. The genomic DNA G+C content was about 37 mol%. Strain m4-4^T exhibited minimal or no growth on most sugars tested. Its major cellular fatty acids were C_{14 : 0}, C_{16 : 0} and C_{18 : 1}. Based on phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA and recA gene sequences, we observed that the closest relatives of the isolate are moderately halophilic Bacillus species, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity ranging from 96.6 to 97.4 % (Bacillus marisflavi, Bacillus aquimaris and Bacillus vietnamensis). Additionally, using genomic data it was determined that the type strain contains a total of nine rRNA operons with three slightly different sequences. On the basis of phenotypic and molecular properties, strain m4-4^T represents a novel species within the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus coahuilensis sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain m4-4^T (=NRRL B-41737^T =CECT 7197^T).

Photomicrographs of Bacillus coahuilensis m4-4^T, a phylogenetic tree of the recA sequences of m4-4^T and other bacilli and a table showing the fatty acid composition of m4-4^T are available with the online version of this paper.

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				L. D. Alcaraz, G. Olmedo, G. Bonilla, R. Cerritos, G. Hernandez, A. Cruz, E. Ramirez, C. Putonti, B. Jimenez, E. Martinez, et al. The genome of Bacillus coahuilensis reveals adaptations essential for survival in the relic of an ancient marine environment PNAS, April 15, 2008; 105(15): 5803 - 5808. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]