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Halobacillus alkaliphilus sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt lake in Fuente de Piedra, southern Spain

¹ Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Comprensorio ex Olivetti, via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy
² Istituto di Ricerche di Biologia Molecolare, IRBM, Pomezia, Italy
³ CSIC, Estacion Experimental del Zaidin, Department of Earth Sciences and Environmental Chemistry, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain

Correspondence
Annarita Poli
apoli{at}icmib.na.cnr.it

A Gram-positive, spore-forming, halophilic bacterial strain, FP5^T, was isolated from a salt lake in southern Spain and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain FP5^T was strictly aerobic. Cells were coccoidal, occurring singly or in clusters. The cell-wall peptidoglycan type of strain FP5^T was A4β based on L-Orn–D-Asp. Strain FP5^T was characterized chemotaxonomically by having MK-7 as the major menaquinone and anteiso-C_{15 : 0}, anteiso-C_{17 : 0}, iso-C_{15 : 0} and iso-C_{16 : 0} as the main fatty acids. The isolate grew optimally at 37 °C and in presence of 10 % NaCl; no growth was observed in the absence of NaCl. The DNA G+C content was 43.5 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain FP5^T falls within the evolutionary radiation of species of the genus Halobacillus. Levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain FP5^T and the type strains of nine recognized Halobacillus species were in the range 97.0–99.0 %. Levels of DNA–DNA relatedness indicated that strain FP5^T represents a genomic species that is distinct from recognized Halobacillus species. Strain FP5^T could be differentiated from recognized Halobacillus species based on several phenotypic characteristics. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic and genomic data, strain FP5^T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Halobacillus, for which the name Halobacillus alkaliphilus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is FP5^T (=DSM 18525^T =ATCC BAA-1361^T).

A scanning electron micrograph of cells of strain FP5^T and thin-layer chromatographs of total polar lipids of strain FP5^T are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.

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