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Halomonas nitroreducens sp. nov., a novel nitrate- and nitrite-reducing species

Microbial Exopolysaccharide Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cartuja Campus, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain

Correspondence
Emilia Quesada
equesada{at}ugr.es

We have carried out a polyphasic taxonomic study of strain 11S^T, a halophilic, Gram-negative bacterium that is able to respire on nitrate and nitrite in anaerobiosis. Strain 11S^T was isolated from a solar saltern in Cahuil, a region next to Pichilemu (Chile). It grows at NaCl concentrations within the range of 3–20 % w/v (optimum 5–7.5 %), temperatures from 4 to 45 °C (optimum 20–32 °C) and within a pH range of 5–10 (optimum pH 7–9). Its 16S rRNA gene sequence indicates that it belongs to the genus Halomonas in the class Gammaproteobacteria. Its closest relatives are Halomonas alimentaria, H. denitrificans, H. organivorans and H. ventosae, with the type strains of which our strain showed maximum 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 97.1–98.1 %. Its G+C content is 65.3 mol%. DNA–DNA hybridization studies showed 54.2 % relatedness between strain 11S^T and H. alimentaria DSM 15356^T and 47.2 % relatedness between strain 11S^T and H. organivorans CECT 5995^T. Lower DNA–DNA hybridization percentages were obtained against the type strains of other related Halomonas species. Its major fatty acids are C_{12 : 0} 3-OH (5.56 %), iso-C_{15 : 0} 2-OH/C_{16 : 1}7c (22.30 %), C_{16 : 0} (27.80 %) and C_{18 : 1}7c (29.92 %). The proposed name for the novel species is Halomonas nitroreducens sp. nov., with strain 11S^T (=CECT 7281^T =LMG 24185^T) being the type strain.

A UPGMA dendrogram based on phenotypic characteristics and a 16S rRNA gene sequence-based maximum-parsimony tree are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.