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Halosarcina pallida gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon from a low-salt, sulfide-rich spring

¹ Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
² The Institute of Life Sciences and the Moshe Shilo Minerva Center for Marine Biogeochemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
³ Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA

Correspondence
Mostafa S. Elshahed
mostafa{at}okstate.edu

A novel halophilic archaeon, strain BZ256^T, was isolated from Zodletone Spring, a sulfide- and sulfur-rich spring in south-western Oklahoma, USA. Cells were non-motile, non-flagellated cocci that divided along two axes, resulting in the formation of sarcina-like clusters. Strain BZ256^T grew at salt concentrations ranging from 1.3 to 4.3 M NaCl, with optimum growth at approximately 3.4 M, and required at least 1 mM Mg²⁺ for growth. The pH range for growth was 5.0 to at least 8.5, and the temperature range for growth was 25–45 °C. The two diether phospholipids that are typical of members of the order Halobacteriales, namely phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, were present in strain BZ256^T, as were two glycolipids chromatographically identical to S-DGD-1 and DGD-1. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain BZ256^T showed 96.8 % similarity to that of the type strain of Halogeometricum borinquense, the closest recognized species within the order Halobacteriales. The DNA G+C content of strain BZ256^T was 65.4 mol%. Microscopic, physiological, biochemical and phylogenetic comparisons between strain BZ256^T and recognized genera of extremely halophilic archaea suggest that this strain represents a member of a novel genus and species within the family Halobacteriaceae, for which the name Halosarcina pallida gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Halosarcina pallida is BZ256^T (=KCTC 4017^T =JCM 14848^T).

A figure showing the results of lipid composition analysis of strain BZ256^T by TLC is available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.