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Bacteroides xylanisolvens sp. nov., a xylan-degrading bacterium isolated from human faeces

¹ Unité de Microbiologie, INRA, Centre de Recherches de Clermont Ferrand – Theix, 63 122 Saint Genès-Champanelle, France
² Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA

Correspondence
Annick Bernalier-Donadille
bernal{at}clermont.inra.fr

During the course of a study on the xylan-degrading community from the human gut, six xylanolytic, Gram-negative, anaerobic rods were isolated from faecal samples. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the isolates were closely related to each other (99 % sequence similarity) and that they belonged to the genus Bacteroides. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, representative strain XB1A^T was most closely related to the type strains of Bacteroides ovatus (97.5 %), B. finegoldii (96.5 %) and B. thetaiotaomicron (95.5 %). DNA–DNA hybridization results revealed that strain XB1A^T was distinct from its closest relative, B. ovatus. The DNA G+C content of strain XB1A^T (42.8 mol%) and major fatty acid composition (anteiso-C_{15 : 0}, 33.8 %) further supported its affiliation to the genus Bacteroides. The novel isolates degraded different types of xylan, and were also able to grow on a variety of carbohydrates. Unlike most other Bacteroides species isolated from the human gut, these isolates were not able to degrade starch. Other biochemical tests further demonstrated that strain XB1A^T could be differentiated from the closest related Bacteroides species. Xylan and sugars were converted by strain XB1A^T mainly into acetate, propionate and succinate. Based on physiological, phenotypic and phylogenetic data, the six novel strains are considered to represent a novel species of the genus Bacteroides, for which the name Bacteroides xylanisolvens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XB1A^T (=DSM 18836^T =CCUG 53782^T).