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Two novel aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus species from Argentinean peanuts

¹ Faculty of Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pab. II, Lab. 69, University of Buenos Aires, CP EHA1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
² Center for Microbial Biotechnology, BioCentrum-DTU, Building 221, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
³ CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre, PO Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
⁴ Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Szeged, PO Box 533, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary

Correspondence
Robert A. Samson
samson{at}cbs.knaw.nl

Two novel species from Aspergillus section Flavi from different species of Arachis (peanuts) in Argentina are described as Aspergillus arachidicola sp. nov. and Aspergillus minisclerotigenes sp. nov. Their novel taxonomic status was determined using a polyphasic taxonomic approach with phenotypic (morphology and extrolite profiles) and molecular (β-tubulin and calmodulin gene sequences) characters. A. minisclerotigenes resembles Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parvisclerotigenus in producing aflatoxins B₁ and B₂, cyclopiazonic acid, kojic acid and aspergillic acid, but in addition it produces aflatoxins G₁ and G₂, aflavarins, aflatrem, aflavinines, parasiticolides and paspaline. This species also includes several isolates previously assigned to A. flavus group II and three Australian soil isolates. A. arachidicola produces aflatoxins B₁, B₂, G₁ and G₂, kojic acid, chrysogine and parasiticolide, and some strains produce aspergillic acid. The type strain of A. arachidicola is CBS 117610^T =IBT 25020^T and that of A. minisclerotigenes is CBS 117635^T =IBT 27196^T. The Mycobank accession numbers for Aspergillus minisclerotigenes sp. nov. and Aspergillus arachidicola sp. nov. are respectively MB 505188 and MB 505189 (http://www.mycobank.org).

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the β-tubulin and calmodulin gene sequences of the strains examined in this study are shown in Fig. 1 and Supplementary Fig. S1.

A neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on calmodulin gene sequences and colour versions of Figs 2 and 3 are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.

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