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Paenibacillus provencensis sp. nov., isolated from human cerebrospinal fluid, and Paenibacillus urinalis sp. nov., isolated from human urine

¹ Laboratoire de Bactériologie–Virologie, Hôpital de la Timone, CNRS UMR 6020, IFR48, 264 rue Saint-Pierre, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France
² Microbiology Laboratory, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland

Correspondence
Véronique Roux
vroux91{at}hotmail.com

Gram-negative, spore-forming rods were isolated from a human urine sample (strain 5402403^T) and a human cerebrospinal fluid sample (strain 4401170^T). Based on genotypic characteristics, these strains belonged to the genus Paenibacillus and were closely related. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison showed that they clustered with Paenibacillus massiliensis 2301065^T (95.9 and 94.3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively, for strains 5402403^T and 4401170^T), Paenibacillus illinoisensis NRRL NRS-61356^T (90.6 and 93.8 %), Paenibacillus xylanilyticus XIL14^T (95.3 and 95.4 %), Paenibacillus barcinonensis BP-23^T (94.3 and 94.0 %), Paenibacillus pabuli NCIMB 12781^T (89.1 and 92.3 %) and Paenibacillus amylolyticus NRRL NRS-290^T (94.2 and 93.8 %). The predominant fatty acids were 15 : 0 anteiso (49.0 and 55.3 %, respectively, for strains 5402403^T and 4401170^T), 16 : 0 iso (15.4 and 13.5 %), 16 : 0 (7.6 and 3.6 %), 15 : 0 (6.3 and 2.8 %), 17 : 0 anteiso (5.7 and 7.5 %), 14 : 0 iso (4.1 and 2.7 %) and 15 : 0 iso (4.1 and 3.4 %). 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain 4401170^T and strain 5402403^T was 98.4 %, but the DNA–DNA reassociation rate between the two strains was 53.2 %. So, considering the recommendations of the ad hoc committee, they do not belong to the same species. On the basis of phenotypic data and genotypic inference, it is proposed that the strains should be assigned to the novel species Paenibacillus urinalis sp. nov. (type strain 5402403^T =CIP 109357^T =CCUG 53521^T) and Paenibacillus provencensis sp. nov. (type strain 4401170^T =CIP 109358^T =CCUG 53519^T).

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of Paenibacillus urinalis 5402403^T and Paenibacillus provencensis 4401170^T are EF212892 and EF212893, respectively.

Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of the novel strains and an extended phylogenetic tree are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.

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