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Pediococcus argentinicus sp. nov. from Argentinean fermented wheat flour and identification of Pediococcus species by pheS, rpoA and atpA sequence analysis

¹ Laboratory of Microbiology, Ghent University, Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
² Federal Research Centre for Nutrition and Food, Institute of Hygiene and Toxicology, Haid-und-Neu-Strasse 9, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
³ BCCM/LMG Bacteria Collection, Ghent University, Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
⁴ Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA)-CONICET, Chacabuco 145, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
⁵ Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology (IMDO), Department of Applied Biological Sciences and Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium

Correspondence
Katrien De Bruyne
Katrien.DeBruyne{at}UGent.be

A Gram-positive, small coccus-shaped lactic acid bacterium, strain LMG 23999^T, was isolated from Argentinean wheat flour. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the phylogenetic position of the novel strain was within the genus Pediococcus, with Pediococcus stilesii, Pediococcus pentosaceus and Pediococcus acidilactici as its closest relatives (97.7, 97.3 and 96.9 % gene sequence similarity, respectively). Fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting of whole genomes and whole-cell protein electrophoresis confirmed the unique taxonomic status of the novel strain. DNA–DNA hybridizations, DNA G+C content determination, comparative sequence analysis of the pheS, rpoA and atpA genes and physiological and biochemical characterization demonstrated that strain LMG 23999^T (=CCUG 54535^T=CRL 776^T) represents a novel species for which the name Pediococcus argentinicus sp. nov. is proposed. Multi-locus sequence analysis based on pheS, rpoA and atpA genes was found to be a suitable method for the identification of species of the genus Pediococcus.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of LMG 23999^T is AM709786. The accession numbers for the pheS, rpoA and atpA gene sequences reported in this paper are AM899805–AM899946, as indicated in Supplementary Fig. S2a–c.

Supplementary figures showing a cluster analysis of whole cell protein profiles with a UPGMA dendrogram and additional neighbour-joining phylogenetic trees based on pheS, rpoA and atpA gene sequences are available with the online version of this paper. A supplementary table giving details of the genomes used for the design of primers rpo-21-F* and rpoA-23-R* is also provided.