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Mesorhizobium caraganae sp. nov., a novel rhizobial species nodulated with Caragana spp. in China

¹ Key Laboratory of Agro-Microbial Resource and Application, Ministry of Agriculture/College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
² Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 11340 México D. F., Mexico
³ College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, PR China
⁴ Agricultural Cultural Collection of China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China

Correspondence
Wen Feng Chen
chenwf{at}cau.edu.cn

Five rhizobial strains representing the largest group in the genus Mesorhizobium associated with Caragana spp. in China were characterized taxonomically. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that these microsymbionts belonged to the genus Mesorhizobium, with Mesorhizobium tianshanense USDA 3592^T, Mesorhizobium temperatum SDW018^T and Mesorhizobium mediterraneum UPM-Ca36^T as the closest neighbours (99.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Genotypic fingerprinting by whole-cell protein electrophoresis, DNA–DNA hybridization, comparative housekeeping sequence analysis of the atpD, glnII and recA genes, fatty acid profiles and a series of phenotypic and physiological tests allowed the novel group to be differentiated from all previously recognized species of the genus Mesorhizobium. This group therefore represents a novel species, for which the name Mesorhizobium caraganae sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain CCBAU 11299^T (=LMG 24397^T=HAMBI 2990^T). Cross-inoculation tests showed that strain CCBAU 11299^T could form effective nodules on Caragana microphylla, Caragana intermedia, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Astragalus adsurgens and Phaseolus vulgaris.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the partial 16S rRNA, atpD, recA, glnII, nodC and nifH gene sequences of Mesorhizobium caraganae sp. nov. CCBAU 11299^T are EF149003, EU249379, EU249394, EU249384, EU130405 and EU130422, respectively.

Tables giving details of fatty acid contents and DNA–DNA relatedness of the novel strains compared with recognized species of the genus Mesorhizobium and figures showing phylogenetic trees based on the nodC and nifH genes and a phenogram derived from UPGMA analysis and SDS-PAGE analysis of whole-cell proteins of strain CCBAU 11299^T are available as supplementary materials in IJSEM Online.