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Halomonas korlensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, denitrifying bacterium isolated from saline and alkaline soil

¹ The State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, PR China
² College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, PR China

Correspondence
San-Feng Chen
chensf{at}cau.edu.cn

Five Gram-negative, rod-shaped, moderately halophilic and denitrifying strains, designated XK1^T, XK2, XK3, XK4 and XK5, were isolated from a saline and alkaline soil in Korla, north-western China. These isolates could grow anaerobically using either nitrate or nitrite as terminal electron acceptors and produced gas from nitrate vigorously. A comparison and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences placed these isolates in the genus Halomonas within the family Halomonadaceae. The isolates shared the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with Halomonas ventosae Al12^T (95.6 %), Halomonas alimentaria YKJ-16^T (95.5 %) and Halomonas shengliensis SL014B-85^T (95.2 %) (values determined by MEGA 3.1; direct comparison results with GenBank were even lower, not 94 %). Sequence similarities with other recognized species were below 95.0 %, far below the 97.0 % threshold generally accepted for the delineation of separate species. BOX-PCR fingerprinting and DNA–DNA hybridization showed high similarities among the five strains which indicated they were members of the same species. The major fatty acids were C_{18 : 1}8t, C_{16 : 0} and C_{18 : 1}7t. The DNA G+C content was 65.3 mol%. All the results of the phenotypic and genetic analyses supported the hypothesis that the five new strains represent a novel species within the genus Halomonas, for which the name Halomonas korlensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XK1^T (=CGMCC 1.6981^T=DSM 19633^T).

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains XK1^T, XK2, XK3, XK4 and XK5 are EU085033, EU085034, EU085035, EU085036 and EU085037, respectively.

Transmission electron micrographs of cells of the novel strains, an extended phylogenetic tree and the BOX-PCR fingerprint patterns of the novel strains are available as supplementary figures with the online version of this paper. A supplementary table detailing the intraspecies variability of phenotypic characteristics for the five strains of Halomonas korlensis sp. nov. is also available.

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