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Mycobacterium arosiense sp. nov., a slowly growing, scotochromogenic species causing osteomyelitis in an immunocompromised child

¹ International Reference Laboratory of Mycobacteriology and National Center for Antimicrobials and Infection Control, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
² Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University, Brendstrupgaardsvej, Skejby Hospital, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
³ Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
⁴ Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Department of Environmental Health, National Public Health Institute, PO Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, Finland
⁵ Department of Clinical Microbiology, Kuopio University Hospital, PO Box 1777, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
⁶ Mycobacteriology Reference Center, Microbiology Laboratory, Careggi Hospital, viale Morgagni 85, I-50134 Florence, Italy

Correspondence
Didi Bang
DVB{at}ssi.dk

A yellow-pigmented, scotochromogenic, slowly growing mycobacterial strain, designated T1921^T, was isolated from the disseminated osteomyelitic lesions of a 7-year-old child with an underlying partial gamma interferon receptor alpha-1 deficiency. Hybridization by the line probe assay indicated the presence of a Mycobacterium species. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, the internally transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the hsp65 and rpoB genes revealed that strain T1921^T could be differentiated from all recognized species of the genus Mycobacterium. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene indicated that strain T1921^T was related most closely to Mycobacterium intracellulare, whereas analysis based on the ITS and hsp65 and rpoB genes indicated that it was most closely related to Mycobacterium avium. Phenotypic tests were not able to differentiate strain T1921^T from similar slowly growing mycobacteria. Strain T1921^T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Mycobacterium, for which the name Mycobacterium arosiense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is T1921^T (=DSM 45069^T =ATCC BAA-1401^T).

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for the 16S rRNA, hsp65 and rpoB gene sequences and the ITS region sequence of strain T1921^T are EF054881 and EU370531–EU370533, respectively.

Phylogenetic trees based on the partial hsp65 and rpoBgene sequences of selected mycobacterial species are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.

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