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Deinococcus aquaticus sp. nov., isolated from fresh water, and Deinococcus caeni sp. nov., isolated from activated sludge

¹ Environmental and Molecular Microbiology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Guseong-dong 373-1, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
² Department of Biology and Medicinal Science, Pai Chai University, 14 Yeonja-1-Gil, Seo-Gu, Daejeon 302-735, Republic of Korea
³ Dept of Oriental Medicinal Material and Processing, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, 1 Seocheon, Kihung Yongin, Kyunggi 449-701, Republic of Korea
⁴ School of Biology, King George VIth Building, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
⁵ Radiation Food Science and Biotechnology Team, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup 305-600, Republic of Korea

Correspondence
Wan-Taek Im
wandra{at}kaist.ac.kr
Sung-Taik Lee
e_stlee{at}kaist.ac.kr

The taxonomic positions of two environmental isolates from South Korea were established using a combination of genotypic and phenotypic data. The organisms, designated PB314^T and Ho-08^T, were Gram-negative, rod-shaped and non-spore-forming and had chemotaxonomic properties consistent with their classification in the genus Deinococcus 16S rRNA gene tree, the highest sequence similarities being shown to the type strains of Deinococcus grandis (96.3–96.7 %) and Deinococcus indicus (96.3–96.4 %). The isolates shared relatively high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (98.1 %) but had a DNA–DNA relatedness value of only 22 %. Chemotaxonomic data revealed that both strains possess quinone system MK-8 as the predominant compound, C_{16 : 1}7c and C_{16 : 0} as major fatty acids and ornithine as a diamino acid in the peptidoglycan structure, corroborating our assignment of the strains to the genus Deinococcus. The results of phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, DNA–DNA relatedness values and physiological and biochemical tests clearly demonstrated that the two strains represent distinct species. On the basis of these data, two novel species, Deinococcus aquaticus sp. nov. (type strain PB314^T =KCTC 12552^T =NBRC 101311^T) and Deinococcus caeni sp. nov. (type strain Ho-08^T =KCTC 12553^T =NBRC 101312^T), are proposed.

A 16S rRNA gene sequence-based maximum-likelihood tree, results of 2D TLC of polar lipids of strains PB314^T and Ho-08^T and a comparison of fatty acid profiles are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.

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