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Leptospira wolffii sp. nov., isolated from a human with suspected leptospirosis in Thailand

¹ WHO/FAO/OIE Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Leptospirosis, Western Pacific Region, Communicable Diseases, Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services, Brisbane, Australia
² Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
³ Bacterial Zoonoses Branch, Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
⁴ Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasart University, Rangsit Campus, Pathumthani, Thailand
⁵ Regional Medical Sciences Center, Ministry of Public Health, Trang, Thailand
⁶ Virology Department, Communicable Diseases, Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services, Brisbane, Australia

Correspondence
Lee D. Smythe
Lee_smythe{at}health.qld.gov.au

A single Leptospira strain (designated Khorat-H2^T) was isolated from the urine of an adult male patient with suspected leptospirosis from the province of Nakornrachasima, Thailand. The isolate showed typical Leptospira motility and morphology under dark-field microscopy. Cells were 10–13 µm long and 0.2 µm in diameter, with a wavelength of 0.5 µm and an amplitude of approximately 0.3 µm. Phenotypically, strain Khorat-H2^T did not grow at 13 °C but grew at 30 and 37 °C and in the presence of 8-azaguanine. Serological identification using the microscopic agglutination test revealed that strain Khorat-H2^T had no cross-reaction with any recognized Leptospira serogroups. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence placed the novel strain within the radiation of the genus Leptospira, with sequence similarities of 88.1–97.7 % to recognized Leptospira species. DNA–DNA hybridization against the type strains of the three most closely related Leptospira species was used to confirm the results of the 16S rRNA sequence analysis. The G+C content of strain Khorat-H2^T was 41.8 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, serological and phylogenetic data, strain Khorat-H2^T represents a novel species of the genus Leptospira, for which the name Leptospira wolffii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Khorat-H2^T (=WHO LT1686^T =KIT Khorat-H2^T).

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain Khorat-H2^T is EF025496.

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