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Halotalea alkalilenta gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel osmotolerant and alkalitolerant bacterium from alkaline olive mill wastes, and emended description of the family Halomonadaceae Franzmann et al. 1989, emend. Dobson and Franzmann 1996

¹ National Agricultural Research Foundation, Institute of Kalamata, Lakonikis 87, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
² Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece

Correspondence
Spyridon Ntougias
sntougias{at}in.gr

A novel Gram-negative, motile, nonsporulating, rod-shaped bacterium isolated from alkaline sludge-like wastes (‘alpeorujo’ or ‘alperujo’) of two-phase olive oil extraction is described. The strain, designated AW-7^T, is an obligate aerobe that is halotolerant (tolerating up to 15 % w/v NaCl), sugar-tolerant (tolerating up to 45 % and 60 % w/v (+)-D-glucose and maltose respectively; these are the highest concentrations tolerated by any known members of the Bacteria domain) and alkalitolerant (growing at a broad pH range of 5–11). Strain AW-7^T is chemo-organotrophic. Ubiquinone-9 was detected in the respiratory chain of strain AW-7^T. The major fatty acids present are C_{18 : 1}7c, C_{16 : 0}, C_{19 : 0} cyclo 8c, C_{12 : 0} 3-OH and C_{16 : 1}7c/iso-C_{15 : 0} 2-OH. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain AW-7^T showed almost equal phylogenetic distances from Zymobacter palmae (95.6 % similarity) and Carnimonas nigrificans (95.4 % similarity). In addition, low DNA–DNA relatedness values were found for strain AW-7^T against Carnimonas nigrificans CECT 4437^T (22.5–25.4 %) and Z. palmae DSM 10491^T (11.9–14.4 %). The DNA G+C content of strain AW-7^T is 64.4 mol%. Physiological and chemotaxonomic data further confirmed the differentiation of strain AW-7^T from the genera Zymobacter and Carnimonas. Thus, strain AW-7^T represents a novel bacterial genus within the family Halomonadaceae, for which the name Halotalea gen. nov. is proposed. Halotalea alkalilenta sp. nov. (type strain AW-7^T=DSM 17697^T=CECT 7134^T) is proposed as the type species of the genus Halotalea gen. nov. A reassignment of the descriptive 16S rRNA signature characteristics of the family Halomonadaceae permitted the placement of the novel genus Halotalea into the family; in contrast, the genus Halovibrio possessed only 12 out of the 18 signature characteristics proposed, and hence it was excluded from the family Halomonadaceae.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain AW-7^T is DQ421388.

Figures showing the morphology of cells of strain AW-7^T, as examined by negative-staining electron microscopy, and the phylogenetic position of the novel strain, calculated by the maximum-parsimony and maximum-likelihood methods, are available as supplementary figures with the online version of this paper.

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