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Rubritalea squalenifaciens sp. nov., a squalene-producing marine bacterium belonging to subdivision 1 of the phylum ‘Verrucomicrobia’

Hiroaki Kasai¹, Atsuko Katsuta¹, Hiroshi Sekiguchi^1,, Satoru Matsuda¹, Kyoko Adachi¹, Kazutoshi Shindo², Jaewoo Yoon³, Akira Yokota³ and Yoshikazu Shizuri¹

¹ Marine Biotechnology Institute, 3-75-1 Heita, Kamaishi, Iwate 026-0001, Japan
² Department of Food and Nutrition, Japan Women's University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8681, Japan
³ Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan

Correspondence
Hiroaki Kasai
hiroaki.kasai{at}mbio.jp

A taxonomic study was carried out to clarify the status of a Gram-negative, heterotrophic mesophile that was isolated from the marine sponge Halichondria okadai. The strain, designated HOact23^T, was a non-motile, rod-shaped (0.44–0.53x0.65–0.79 µm) bacterium. The strain produced squalene and a red–pink carotenoid pigment. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, glutamic acid and alanine. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 52.4 mol%. The major fatty acids were iso-C_{14 : 0} (43.1 %), iso-C_{16 : 0} (20.6 %) and anteiso-C_{15 : 0} (18.1 %), and the major isoprenoid quinone was MK-9 (90.8 %). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence data, the strain formed a distinct group within subdivision 1 in the phylum ‘Verrucomicrobia’. It showed a range of phenotypic properties that distinguished it from its closest relative, Rubritalea marina Pol012^T (94.3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic evidence, it was concluded that strain HOact23^T should be classified within a novel species in the genus Rubritalea. The name proposed for the taxon is Rubritalea squalenifaciens sp. nov., with the type strain HOact23^T (=MBIC08254^T=DSM 18772^T).

Present address: NITE Biological Resource Center (NBRC), Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology and Evaluation, 2-5-8 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan.

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