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Thermobacillus composti sp. nov., a moderately thermophilic bacterium isolated from a composting reactor

¹ Department of Environmental Engineering for Symbiosis, Faculty of Engineering, Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-8577, Japan
² SEAWELL Co. Ltd, 8-12-6 Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0061, Japan

Correspondence
Norio Kurosawa
kurosawa{at}t.soka.ac.jp

A Gram-negative, rod-shaped, spore-forming and moderately thermophilic bacterium, strain KWC4^T, was isolated from a composting reactor. Cells of strain KWC4^T were 2.0–5.0 µm long and 0.5–0.7 µm in diameter. Strain KWC4^T grew aerobically at 32–61 °C, with optimal growth occurring at 50 °C. It grew at pH 5.6–10.1, with optimal growth at around pH 9.0. The optimum NaCl concentration for growth was almost 0 % (w/v), but strain KWC4^T was moderately halotolerant and was able to grow at NaCl concentrations up to 4.4 % (w/v). The DNA G+C content of strain KWC4^T was 60.0 mol%. The major fatty acids were iso-16 : 0 (39.0 %) and anteiso-15 : 0 (33.3 %). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity data, strain KWC4^T belonged to the genus Thermobacillus and was related to Thermobacillus xylanilyticus. However, strain KWC4^T had a 38 bp insertion sequence located near the 3' end of its 16S rRNA gene that was not present in T. xylanilyticus. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity value between strain KWC4^T and T. xylanilyticus was 95.7 %. The DNA–DNA hybridization value between strain KWC4^T and T. xylanilyticus strain XE^T was 66 %. On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic evidence, strain KWC4^T (=DSM 18247^T=JCM 13945^T) is the type strain of a novel species, for which the name Thermobacillus composti sp. nov. is proposed.

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain KWC4^T is AB254031.

A table showing the cellular fatty acid contents of strain KWC4^T, T. xylanilyticus and some representatives of the genus Paenibacillus and a phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences of strain KWC4^T and related species constructed using the maximum-likelihood method are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.

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