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Alcanivorax balearicus sp. nov., isolated from Lake Martel

¹ Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Spain
² Laboratorium voor Microbiologie, Vakgroep Biochemie, Fysiologie en Microbiologie, Universiteit Gent KL, Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
³ Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, IRNASA-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain

Correspondence
Raúl Rivas
raul{at}wwwedu-micro.usal.es

A bacterial strain designated MACL04^T was isolated from Lake Martel, a subterraneous saline lake in Mallorca (Spain). The complete 16S rRNA gene sequence of this strain showed nearly 100 % similarity to that of Alcanivorax dieselolei B-5^T. Despite this high similarity, strain MACL04^T showed phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular differences with respect to A. dieselolei, indicating that strain MACL04^T represents a separate species. Cells of strain MACL04^T were motile by means of a single polar or subpolar flagellum and colonies formed on media containing 1 % (v/v) Tween 20 were opaque and mucoid, with blue–green iridescence. The generation time of strain MACL04^T in this medium was approximately half that of A. dieselolei B-5^T and strain MACL04^T did not produce lipases after incubation for 5 days. Strain MACL04^T did not require NaCl for growth and grew in the presence of up to 15 % (w/v) NaCl. The strain was able to use alkanes as a sole carbon source; however, glucose could also be used, albeit weakly, as a carbon source. Several amino acids and organic acids were used as carbon sources. Strain MACL04^T produced acid in media containing pyruvate as the sole carbon source. The major fatty acids were C_{19 : 0} cyclo 8c and C_{16 : 0}. The fatty acid C_{16 : 1}8c, present in strain MACL04^T, was not detected in the recognized Alcanivorax species. The sequences of the large and short 16S–23S intergenic spacer regions showed similarities of 97.2 and 98.8 % (ungapped) with respect to A. dieselolei B-5^T. Partial sequences of gyrB and alkb genes showed 94.0 % similarity between strain MACL04^T and A. dieselolei B-5^T. The G+C content of strain MACL04^T was 62.8 mol%. The data from this polyphasic study indicate that strain MACL04^T represents a novel species of the genus Alcanivorax, for which the name Alcanivorax balearicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MACL04^T (=LMG 22508^T=CECT 5683^T).

The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession numbers for strain MACL04^T are AY686709 (16S rRNA gene), EF091805 (small ITS), EF091804 (large ITS), AY683535 (partial alkB gene) and EF091802 (partial gyrB gene).

Figures showing the colony morphologies of strain MACL04^T and Alcanivorax dieselolei B-5^T grown on media containing Tween 20, an electron micrograph of a cell of strain MACL04^T grown on nutrient agar, and TP-RAPD profiles and phylogenetic trees based on 16S–23S ITS and partial alkB and gyrB gene sequences and a table detailing the fatty acid profiles of strain MACL04^T and recognized species of the genus Alcanivorax are available as supplementary material with the online version of this paper.