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Brucella ceti sp. nov. and Brucella pinnipedialis sp. nov. for Brucella strains with cetaceans and seals as their preferred hosts

¹ SAC Veterinary Services, Inverness IV2 4JZ, UK
² Department of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska University Hospital, MTC, Stockholm SE-17176, Sweden
³ Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
⁴ INRA, UR1282, Infectiologie Animale et Santé Publique, IASP, Nouzilly, F-37380, France
⁵ Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Université François Rabelais, 29 rue du Pont-Volant, 37082 Tours cedex 2, France

Correspondence
Geoffrey Foster
Geoffrey.Foster{at}sac.co.uk

Small Gram-negative cocco-bacilli resembling Brucella strains have been reported from marine mammals since the mid-1990s. Their placement in the genus Brucella has been supported by the following characteristics: they are aerobic, non-motile and catalase-positive, do not produce acid from carbohydrates and have a DNA–DNA relatedness value of >77 % with the six established members of the genus. Twenty-eight European isolates of the genus Brucella from marine mammals were distinguished from the six recognized species by their pattern of utilization of eleven substrates in oxidative metabolism tests and phage lysis. The 28 strains could be further separated into two groups with cetaceans and seals as their respective preferred hosts on the basis of molecular methods and on differences in the metabolism of L-arabinose, D-galactose and D-xylose. The names Brucella ceti sp. nov. and Brucella pinnipedialis sp. nov. are proposed for the isolates from cetaceans and seals, respectively. The type strain of Brucella ceti sp. nov. is NCTC 12891^T (=BCCN 94-74^T) and the type strain of Brucella pinnipedialis sp. nov. is NCTC 12890^T (=BCCN 94-73^T).

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